中国银行业的作用(2)-FECT
Overview of the Banking Industry in China
I.The Role of the Banking Sector in China
Paragraph 2(P1)
1.First, banks serve as a principal repository of liquid funds for the public.
第一,银行是社会流动资金的集散地。
(1)serve: v.be satisfactory for a need or purpose:利于,合适;可作……用(与as或for连用)
例:A worm will serve as bait.蛹可作饵用。
This room will serve for the office.这个房间可作办公室用。
(2)the public:members of the community in general:公众;民众(此处引伸为“整个社会”)
(3)principal repository:主要集散地;枢纽
principal: a.highest in order of importance:最重要的
repository:place where things are or may be stored:n.仓库,储藏所(此处引伸为“集散地,集散中心”)
(4)liquid funds:流动资金
liquid: a.easily sold or changed into cash:易变现的,含有大量现金的,流动的
例:liquid assets:流动资产(指现金或易变现票据)
to go liquid:将(尽可能多的)资产转换成现金
liquid market:流动市场,交易旺盛的市场(某种证券的市场,这个市场有足够的股票可供出售而不扭曲价格。其反义词是thin market:交易清淡的市场)
2.The safety and availability of such funds for transactions and other purposes are essential to the stability and efficiency of the financial system.
银行吸纳的资金可用于储户的日常交易或其他目的,这种资金的安全性和可获得性,对保证金融体系的稳定和效率至关重要。
(1)be essential to:对……至关重要
essential: a.necessary;indispensable;most important
(2)stability: n.quality of being stable:稳定性;安定
(3)efficiency: n.state or quality of being efficient:效力;效率
efficient: a.producing a desired or satisfactory result:有效力的;有效率的
(4)the financial system:金融体系
①financial: a.of finance:金融的;财务的
例:financial institutions:金融机构(从事证券投资业务的机构,比如银行同业协会、养老基金或保险公司)
financial intermediary:金融中介(从事吸收存款、发放贷款业务的金融机构,包括银行、租赁公司及各种类型的金融机构)
financial instrument:金融工具(在股票市场或其他金融市场进行的任何形式的投资,如购买股票、政府债券、大额存单、汇票等)
②system:group of things or parts working together in a regular relation:系统,体制;制度
例:a payment system:支付体系,支付系统
the whole financial system:整个金融系统
banking system:银行体系
information system:信息系统
monetary(money) system:货币制度
Paragraph 3
3.Second, by channeling savings to productive investments, banks play a key role in facilitating efficient allocation of scarce financial resources.
第二,银行通过将储蓄引导到生产性投资领域,在有效配置有限的金融资源方面起着关键的作用。
(1)channel……(to): v.cause to go through a channel:使经过某种路线前进;引导
channel: n.any way by which news,ideas,etc may travel:(消息,意见等传播的)途径;路线;方法
(2)savings: n.money saved up:(复)储金;储蓄
例:keep one’s savings in a bank:把储蓄的钱存在银行
savings account:储蓄账户
(3)productive investments:生产性投资(领域)
(4)to play a unique role (in):发挥着特殊作用
to play a key role (in):起着关键作用
(5)to facilitate efficient allocation of:有效配置……
facilitate: vt.make easy;lessen the difficulty of:使容易;使便利
(6)scarce financial resources:有限的(稀缺的)金融资源
scarce: a.not available in sufficient quantity; not equal to the demand:缺乏的;稀罕的Paragraph 4
4.Third, banks serve to transmit the impulses of monetary policy to the whole financial system and ultimately to the real economy.
第三,银行将货币政策的变化趋势传导到整个金融系统并最终至实体经济部门。
(1)transmit (to): v.pass or hand on;send on:传送;传递
(2)the impulse of monetary policy:货币政策态势(传导机制,调节机制)
impulse: n.tendency to act without reflection:不假思索而行事的顷向
sudden inclination to act without thought about the consequences:冲动
(3)the real economy:实体经济部门
real: a.existing in fact:真实的;
(价格等)实际的(按照通货膨胀率重新调整过的)
例:real income(real wages):实际收入(实际工资)(扣除所得税并排除通货膨胀因素后的可支配收入)
real interest rate:实际利率(考虑通货膨胀后的利率)
real value:实际价值(通过指数化等方法保持不变的投资价值)