透视语法回顾考例－－“Therebe…”句式考点汇聚
动词be常用的形式有以下几种：
1. 动词be在各种时态中的形式：现在时am，is，are；过去时was，were；将来时will / shall be，would / should be或am/ is / are going to be，was / were going to be；完成时have / has / had been；
2. 与情态动词连用，构成“there +情态动词+ be”的形式；
3. 与seem，appear，used to等表示状态的词语连用，构成“there seem（s） / appear（s）/ used to be…”；
4. “There be…”句式中的be有时用come，enter，follow，arrive，seem，happen等动词代替，但不能用have代替。例如：
There happened to be nobody in the room.
碰巧那时房间里没有人。
［试题精选］
1）There _________ many new words in Lesson One. It is very easy.
A. is B. aren't C. isn't D. are
（2005年南通市）
2）There is some milk in the glass.（改为否定句）
There _________ _________ milk in the glass.
（2005年四川省）
3）There _________ a knife and a fork on the table.
A. seems to be B. seem to be
C. is seeming to be D. are
（2005年黄冈市）
［简析］第1）题中的“It is very easy”表明“第一课很容易”，原因当然是“生词不多”，故答案为B.第2）题的题干为肯定句，改为否定句时，应将is变为isn't，some变为any，故空白处应分别填isn't和any.第3）题根据题干和四个选项可知，该句是肯定句，又根据主谓语一致原则中的临近原则，谓语动词该用seems to be，故答案为A.
考点二：动词be与主语的一致关系
动词be的形式要和最靠近它的主语在数上保持一致；另外，还必须注意不可数名词用作主语时，动词be应用单数形式。
［试题精选］
1）图书馆前有许多小树。
There _________ many young trees in _________ of the library.
（2005年长沙市）
2）-_________ there _________ for me in the bus？
-No，it's crowded.
A. Is，a room B. Are，any room
C. Are，rooms D. Is，any room
（2005年漳州市）
3）-What's on the desk？
-There _________ a dictionary and two notebooks on it.
A. is B. have C. are D. has
（2005年岳阳市）
［简析］第1）题中的主语trees为可数名词复数形式，所以，第一空应填are；“在……前面”应用in front of…，所以，第二空应填front.第2）题的题干问的是“公共汽车是否还有空间”，room用作不可数名词时，可表示“空间”的意思，这样，第一空应填is，故答案为D.第3）题根据主谓语一致原则中的临近原则，谓语动词应为is，故答案为A.
考点三：“There be…”与have的区别
“There be…”句式和have均可表示“有”的意思，但用法有别。“There be…”表示“在某处有……”，意为“存在有”；而have却表示“某人/某物有……”，意为“某人/某物拥有……”。
［试题精选］
1）-There _________ a concert this evening.
-Yeah. Exciting news！
A. are going to be B. is going to be
C. is going to have D. will have
（2005年福州市）
2）There _________ a football game between Italy and Germany tomorrow morning.
A. has B. is going to be
C. will have D. has been
（2005年武汉市）
［简析］第1）题根据时间状语this evening的提示，动词be应用一般将来时的形式，故答案为B.第2）题根据时间状语tomorrow morning的提示，动词be应用一般将来时的形式，故答案为B.
考点四：“There be…”句式的反意疑问句
陈述部分为“There be…”句式的反意疑问句，简短问句由“be的适当形式+ there”构成。需要注意的是陈述部分中是否有seldom，hardly，little，few，no，nothing，nobody之类的否定词或半否定词。若有，该部分应看作否定意义，简短问句部分则用肯定式；如果陈述部分含有表示否定意义前缀的单词，该部分仍应看作肯定意义，简短问句部分要用否定形式。例如：
There is nothing in the box，is there？
There was an unusual bike under the tree，wasn't there？
［试题精选］
1）There is some water in that bottle，isn't _________？
A. there B. it C. that D. this
（2005年武汉市）
2）There is little milk in the bottle.（变为反意疑问句）（2005年桂林市）
There is little milk in the bottle，_________ _________？
［简析］第1）题的陈述部分为“There be…”句式的肯定形式，简短问句部分应用否定形式，空白处应填there，故答案为A.第2）题的陈述部分含有表示否定意义的单词little，因此，该部分应视为否定形式，简短问句部分应用肯定形式，空白处应填is和there.
［巩固练习］
1. Look！ There _________ some apples on that tree.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
2. -Where is my money？ I can't find it.
-Look！ _________ some money under your chair.
A. There has B. There are C. There is D. It's
3. There _________ a football game this afternoon.
A. will have B. is going to be
C. has D. is going to have
4. There is going to _________ a basketball match in the playground this afternoon.
A. has B. have C. be D. hold
5. _________ a pen and two books on the desk.
A. There are B. There is C. Have D. Has
6. There is a beautiful clock on the wall，_________？
A. isn't there B. is there C. isn't it D. doesn't it
7. There is little milk in the bottle，_________？
A. isn't it B. is it C. isn't there D. is there
8. There _________ sixty minutes in an hour.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
9. There _________ an apple and some pears on the table.
A. have B. has C. is D. are
10. There's something to eat in the cupboard.（改为一般疑问句）
_________ there _________ to eat in the cupboard
11. There was no time for the twins to go shopping，_________ _________？（完成反意疑问句）
Key：
1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B
6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C
10. Is，anything. 11. was，there