透视语法回顾考例——动词不定式、it的用法
[考查热点]
带to的动词不定式与V-ing形式作宾语的区别,不带to的动词不定式与V-ing形式作宾语补足语的区别,带to的不定式作宾语补足语以及其否定形式,“疑问词+动词不定式”结构,固定结构中的动词不定式以及动词不定式作定语的用法。
[考例回顾]
1. We are often told ________at people in trouble.
A. not to smile B. to smile
C. not to laugh D. to laugh
(2005天津市)
答案与简析:C.laugh at意为“嘲笑”,可排除A和B.tell sb to do sth意为“告诉某人做某事”,其否定形式是tell sb not to do sth,应选C.
2. The soldier rushed into the room ________ the baby in the fire.
A. to save B. saving C. and save D. saved
(2005江苏常州)
答案与简析:A.to save the baby in the fire作目的状语。
3. The naughty (淘气的)boy is made ________ his homework before 9:00 every night.
A. to finish B. finish C. finishes D. finishing
(2005山东潍坊)
答案与简析:A.使役动词(如let,make等)及感官动词(如see,hear,watch,feel等)后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to.但将其改为被动语态时,则要加上to(但let不能用于被动语态)。
4. Mr Green kept on ________ the players ________ teamwork.
A. asking;to remember B. asking;remembering
C. to ask;remembering D. to ask;to remember
(2005江苏无锡)
答案与简析:A.keep on doing sth意为“一直/继续做某事”,可先排除C和D.再由ask sb to do sth结构确定选A.
二、it的用法
[考查热点]
it用来指事物或某一件事情的用法,代词it和one的区别,it在特定的语境中指不明身份的“人”,it用作形式主语或形式宾语,it在固定句型中的用法。
[考例回顾]
1. - A latest English newspaper, please!
- Only one copy left. Would you like to have ________, sir?
A. it B. one C. this D. that
(2005江苏徐州)
答案与简析:A.it可用来指代前面提到的同一人或物,特指前面所提到的人或物,意为“这个;那个”,它可用来指代可数名词、不可数名词。one是指同类事物中的“一个”,泛指前面所提到的物或人,它只可指代可数名词。由上文的Only one copy left. 可知此空应用代词it来代替上文的只剩下的那份报纸。若选B,则指同类报纸中的一份。
2. We find________impossible to get there before 8:00 o'clock.
A. her B. it C. this D. that
(2005甘肃省)
答案与简析:B.此句中的it作形式宾语,用来指代后面真正的宾语to get there before 8:00 o'clock.