六级翻译练习：兵马俑
兵马俑是20世纪最重大的考古发掘之一，1987年被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。1 兵马俑位于西安临潼， 秦始皇陵以东约1.5公里。2 1974 年，一群农民在皇家陵墓附近挖井时挖掘出一些陶器碎片，立即引起了考古学家的注意，然后才有了兵马俑这一伟大发现。3 1975年，国务院授权有关部门建立兵马俑博物馆。4 栩栩如生的兵马俑排成作战的阵势，成为博物馆最大的亮点。5 博物馆分为三个部分： 1号坑、2号坑和3号坑， 按照发现先后命名。6 其中1号坑最大， 于1979年10月1日国庆节对公众开放。7 自2010 年10月1日，兵马俑博物馆和秦始皇陵合并成一个大景区，即秦始皇陵遗址公园。兵马俑是世界考古史上最伟大的发现之一，充分体现了中国古代人民的聪明才智和创造力。

参考译文：
The Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses, one of the most significant archeological excavations of the 20th century, were listed by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage Site in 1987. It is located about 1.5 kilometers east of the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor in Lintong, Xi’an. In 1974, a group of farmers unearthed some pottery fragments while digging a well nearby the royal tomb. It caught the immediate attention of archeologists and led to the great discovery of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses. In 1975, the State Council authorized the building of the Museum of Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses. The life-like Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses arranged in battle formations are the star features at the museum. The museum is divided into three sections: No. 1 Pit, No. 2 Pit, and No. 3 Pit. They were tagged in the order of their discoveries. No. 1 Pit is the largest, opened to the public on China’s National Day of 1979. Since October 1, 2010 the Museum of Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses and the Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum have been combined into one large attraction area, Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Park. The Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses, as one of the greatest archeological discoveries in the world, fully demonstrate the extraordinary wisdom and superb creativity of the ancient Chinese people.

翻译简析
1 本句译文把“20世纪最重大的考古发掘之一”作为主语的同位语，结构比较紧凑。
2 原文中地点信息的顺序为由大到小，由“西安”到“临潼”再到“秦始皇陵”，译文则相反，由小到大，这是汉译英的常用译法。
3 本句信息较多，英文采用了分译法，译为意思完整的两个句子，清晰明了。
4 本句中的“有关部门”无实质意义，翻译时可省略。
5 本句重点讲栩栩如生的兵马俑是博物馆最大的亮点，所以译文中把“排成作战的阵势” 译为定语arranged in battle formations，以使行文紧凑自然。
6 句中的“命名”，并不是真的起个名字，只是给个标签而已，所以译作were tagged， 比译为 were named更恰切。
7 本句也可译为No. 1 Pit, the largest of the three pits, was first opened to the public on China’s National Day of 1979。