57. Listening Faults .
57、聆听的误区、
1. Have you ever thought of listening as something you could do right or wrong? Few people had, until recently. Now it is being proved that most of us aren't letting our ears do all they should to help us. And we are losing out in ways both large and small, which is too bad when we realize that good listening can be very valuable indeed. In fact it is surprising just how big a part our two listening ears play in our success in school, in our careers, in our relations with family and friends.
1、你是否想过聆听也有对错之分?至今，很少有人思考过这个问题。目前已经证明，大多数人没能让耳朵尽其所能来帮助我们。当我们意识到有效的倾听是多么重要时，我们才知道自己在很多方面都有所损失，这真是太糟糕了。事实上，两只耳朵在我们的学匀、工作和与家庭、朋友的关系里扮演的角色之重要，实在令人惊讶。
2. Therefore, how we listen is extremely important. Yet it has been proved that most of us are guilty of from one to nine bad listening habits.
2、因此，如何聆听极其重要。然而，事实证明下面提到的九个聆听坏习惯中或多或少都能在大多数人的身上找到。
3. Few of us want to be poor listeners or even realize that we are—until we meet up with situations which show us.
3、没有人愿意做一个不会听话的人，即便就是这样的人，本人也意识不到，除非事实明摆在眼前。
4. Take Janet, for instance.
4、以简尼特为例。
5. It came as a horrid shock to her to learn on the way to Sunday school one morning that she was to have read certain chapters in the Bible and be prepared with a little talk on them that day. And no wonder Janet was surprised. She thought she had been listening in class the week before. But apparently the words had bounced right off her ears. Why? How had she listened wrong?
5、一天早晨，在去教会的周日学校的路上，她突然记起他应该要读过《圣经》中的几个章节，并且还要准备好在那天就这几个章节作一个小小的发言，这让她非常震惊。也难怪简尼特有此反应。她以为一个星期前自己在课堂上认真听讲，但很显然，这些话只是从她耳边掠过。为什么?她错在哪里?
6. There are about nine ways of listening that net us nothing but trouble, according to Dr. Ralph Nichols of the University of Minnesota. If we recognize and try to conquer them, we can step up our listening ability by about twenty-five percent and thereby greatly increase our chances for success in our daily lives.
6、明尼苏达州立大学的Ralph Nichols博士认为，有9种聆听的情形给人们造成麻烦。如果认识到并且努力克服它们，我们的聆听能力就能提高25%，从而大大增加我们在日常生活中成功的机会。
7. Unless you are very unusual indeed, says Dr. Nichols, you must plead guilty to several of the following bad listening habits:
7、RalphNichols博士认为，除非你非常特殊，否则的话，你一定会承认自己有下面提到的坏习惯。
8. Daydream Listening: You can think about four times as fast as the average person speaks. So you have quite a bit of spare thinking time while waiting for the words to come in. Unconsciously, you use this time, if you are a poor listener, to let your thoughts drift elsewhere.
8、白日梦式聆听：人思考的速度比平均的说话速度快4倍。因此，在等待别人说出下一句话时，你会有一段空余的思维时间。如果你是一个差劲的聆听者，你的思绪就会不知不觉地在这段时间飘走。
9. For instance, your teacher is giving you some background material on American history. Your mind is with him at first. Then other thoughts drift into that spare thinking space. Without warning, they have taken over your mind entirely... I mustn't forget to go downtown after school for Mother. If only my bike was fixed! Maybe I can get Joe to come over Saturday and help me... Your thoughts drift on. Suddenly, with a jolt, you hear these words: "Now we'll have a little test on what I have been explaining." Ouch!
9、比如说，你的老师正在讲述美国历史的背景资料。起初你注意地听着；之后，其他的念头就会进入那段空余的思维时间；然后在没有任何预兆的情况下，完全占据你的整个大脑……“一定别忘记放学后替母亲进城办事”。“要是我的自行车修理好了该多好!，“也许能让Joe星期六过来帮我……”你的思绪就这样漫无目的地飘荡，突然间，你听到这样令人震惊的话：“现在，就我刚才讲的进行一个小测验。”真糟糕啊！
10. So what to do to keep daydreams from filtering in? One way is to put that extra thinking time to work—on the subject. Sum up what the speaker is saying; look for major points. Pretend you are going to have to repeat his ideas. Put his words into your words. It isn't easy. It takes effort and time to learn. But the results are sure to surprise and please you.
10、那么，怎样做才能控制“白日梦”钻进来呢?一个方法是把这些多出来的思维时间用来考虑一些跟主题有关的事。例如，概括一下发言人说的话；找出他的发言要点；假定你要重复他的观点，将他的话用自、己的方式重新复述一遍。要做到这些并不容易，你必须付出时间和精力去学习。但是，结果肯定是出乎意料和愉快的。