英文诗歌用词、词法、句法(一)
英诗用词(Poetic Vocabulary)
名词
array(clothes,衣服、盛装);
babe(baby,婴儿),
bane(poison,mischief,毒物、祸根),
billow(wave,波涛),
bliss(happiness,幸福),
bower(dwelling,卧室、闺房),
brine(ocean,海洋、泪水),
brow(forehead,额头);
chanticleer(cock,雄鸡),
charger(horse,马);
dale(valley,谷、溪谷);
foe,foeman(enemy,仇敌);
fere(friend,朋友);
glebe(earth,field,土地、田野),
goblet(cup,酒杯),
gore(blood,流出的血),
grot(cave,洞穴),
guile(deceit,狡诈);
ire(anger,怒火);
ken(perception,看见);
maid(girl,少女),
main(sea or ocean,海洋,沧海),
marge(margin,边缘),
mart(market,市场),
mead(meadow,草地),
meed(reward,应得的报答),
might(strength,力量、权势),
morn(morning,黎明);
number(verse or metre,诗文、韵律),
nuptials(marriage,婚礼);
poesy(poetry,诗歌、诗才);
quest(search,探求);
realm(kingdom,王国);
scribe(writer,作家),
sire(father,父),
spouse(wife,配偶、夫或妻),
steed(horse,骏马),
swain(peasant,农民),
sward(grass,草地),
swine(pig,猪);
thrall(bondage,奴役),
tilth(agriculture,耕种),
troth(veracity or faithfulness,忠诚);
vale(valley,溪谷),
victor(conqueror,战胜者);
weal(welfare,幸福),
woe(sorrow or misery,悲哀);
yeoman(peasant,farmer,村农);
列举以下诗行为例:
1、Wide o'er the foaming billows
She cast a wistful look.
(Gray)
billows = waves
越过汹涌的波涛,
她怀念地怅望。
2、With thee, my bark,
I'll swiftly go athwart the foaming brine.
(Byron)
坐上你,我的小舟,
我将飞越汹涌的海洋。
3、His valiant peers were placed around,
Their brows with roses and with myrtle bound.
(Drydon)
brows = forehead
他勇敢的同僚们簇拥他在中央,
他们头上戴着玫瑰和长春花花环。
4、Hill and dale, doth boast thy blessing.
(Milton)
dale = valley
山峦、溪谷,以你的祝福而自豪。
5、Within Love's foes, his greatest foes abide,
Malice, Inconstancy and Pride.
(Cowley)
foe = enemy
在爱神的仇敌中,最凶的顽敌虎视眈眈,
邪恶、不贞和自命不凡。
6、One morn I missed him on the custom'd hill.
(Gray)
morn = morning
一个早晨,
我在常走的小山上,
未曾见到他。
7、Perhaps the plaintive numbers flow for old, unhappy, far-off things.
(Wordsworth)
numbers = verses
或许,悲怆的诗文流溢出古老、不幸、遥远的往事。
8、That lady sat in mournful mood,
Look'd over hill and vale.
(Scott)
vale = valley
姑娘悲伤地独自静坐,
俯视着群山和幽谷。