Overview of the Banking Industry in China

I.The Role of the Banking Sector in China

Paragragh 9 (P1,倒数第1段）

 

1.The second phase begin in 1984 when the State Council decided to make the PBC function as a central bank.

    第二阶段始于1984年，是国务院决定由中国人民银行行使中央银行的职能。

    此句为由when关系副词引导的定语从句，修饰前面的时间先行词1984年。

    (1)to make the PBC function as a central bank:使中国人民银行行使中央银行职能

    (2)make: v.cause to be or become:使；使成为

    (3)function (as…):operate;act:尽职责；起作用

    (4)PBC(People’s Bank of China):the central bank of our country中国人民银行，即我国的中央银行

2.The decision,which was made in response to the increased role of market forces in the economy,promoted diversification of financial institutions with the establishment of the four specialized banks,now known as wholly state-owned commercial banks.

    该决定是针对当时市场经济活动在整个国民经济生活中的作用明显提高的情况作出的，它促进了金融机构多元化的发展，先后组建了四大专业银行，即现在人们所说的四家国有独资商业银行。

    (1)which引导非限制性定语从句。

    (2)in response to:对……作出反应；对……作出回答

    (3)market forces:市场因素；市场经济活动

        force: n.thing that makes great changes:引起重大改变的事物；因素；力

    例：economic forces:经济因素

        monetary forces:货币因素

    (4)diversification: n.多种经营；多元化

        diversify: v.make diverse;give variety to:使不同；使变化

        diversification of export:出口多样化

        diversification of risk:风险分散

    (5)specialized bank:专业银行

    (6)wholly state-owned commercial bank:国有独资商业银行  

Paragragh 10

3.The third phase began in 1993 when the State Council issued the Decision on Financial Reform, recognizing the urgent need for developing new financial markets, institutions and instruments.

    第三阶段始于1984年，那一年国务院颁发了《关于金融体制改革的决定》，强调了建立和发展新的金融市场、金融机构以及金融工具的重要性和紧迫性。

 

(1)Decision on Financial Reform:《关于金融体制改革的决定》

4.The government introduced a comprehensive package of measures aimed at restoring financial order as well as addressing the inflationary pressure and signs of overheating,particularly in the real estate sector and the stock markets.

政府采取了一系列措施以整顿金融秩序，应对通货膨胀的压力及经济过热现象，尤其是房地产和股票市场的过热现象。

    (1)introduce(into;to):bring sth into use or into operation for the first time:采用；引进；提倡

例：introduce new ideas into a business:引进新观念于一事业

    (2)package:detailed plan:详细的计划

　      comprehensive: a.that comprehend much:包罗广泛的；综合性的

    例：a complete package:整批

         a comprehensive package of:一篮子；一系列

    (3)aim at:have as a plan or intention:计划；打算；以……为目标

    (4)restore:make welll or normal again;bring back (to a former condition):使恢复健康或正常；使恢复（以前的情况）

例：Law and order were quickly restored after the attempted violence.那次暴乱之后，法律与秩序迅速恢复了。

    (5)address:引导；指引

    (6) inflationary pressure:通货膨胀压力

    (7)(economic) overheating:经济过热

    (8)real estate:(legal)immovable property consisting of land,any natural resources,and buildings:（法律）房地产；不动产

    (9)stock market:股票市场