(七)冠词

1．冠词的概念及种类：

分类

含义

形式

例词

说明

不定冠词

表示“一”，强调类别

a

a pen

用于单数可数名词前，表泛指

an

an Englishman

定冠词

this这

that那

these这些

those那些

the

the bike

the water

the empty box

用于各类名词前，表特指

2．不定冠词a/an的用法：

用 法

举 例

用于单数可数名词前，指类别

Joan is an English teacher.

用于单数可数名词前，泛指某人或物

There’s a letter for you.

用于指初次提到某人/物

She has a dog.

指某类物或人中的“任何一个”

A horse runs fast.

用在不可数名词前表“一次/场/”或“一个/种人或物”

I would like a coffee.

用于时间、度量衡名词前表“每一”

He has two meals a day.

用于某些习惯用语或固定词组中

as a result(of),have a rest

have a chat,in a hurry

have a word with sb.

a little,a lot(of),a pair of

a cup of,a great deal of

3.定冠词the的常见用法：

用法

例    句

用在序数词前

Tom is always the first to get to school.

用在形容词最高级前

Is it the most difficult lesson in this term?

特指双方都知道的人/物

Did you go to the hospital just now?

指前面出现的人/物

He has a dog.The dog is named Huzi.

指世上独一无二的事物前

The sun rises in the east.

用在被修饰限定的人/物前

Do you know the boy talking with our teacher?

乐器、文娱等名称前

She plays the piano.

注：play football (football前不加the)

“年代”数词前

In the 1960’s China is in disorder.

“方位、方向”名词前

Please turn to the left.

用在姓氏复数前表一家人或夫妇

The Smiths are having dinner.

用在某些形容词，表一类人/物

The English are friendly.

用在阶级、机构、党派的名词前

America is a member of the United Nations.

江河、海湖、海湾、海峡、群岛、山脉等的名词前

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.

在固定搭配中

by the way,in the end