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LSAT考试全真试题四SECTION1

分类: Lsat英语 
SECTION 1

Time—35 minutes

27 Questions

Directions: Each passage in this section is followed by a group of questions to be answered on the basis of what is stated for implied in the passage. For some of the questions, more than one of the choices could conceivably answer the question However you jare to choose the best answer. that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question. and blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet.

 To many developers of technologies that affect public health or the  environment. "risk communication" means persuading the public that the  potential risks of such technologies are small and

(5) should be ignored. Those who communicate risks in this way seem to  believe that lay people do not understand the actual nature of technological  risk. and they can cite studies asserting that. although people apparently  ignore mundane hazards that pose

(10) significant danger, they get upset about exotic hazards that pose little  chance of death or injury. Because some risk communicators take this  persuasive stance, many lay people see "risk communication" as a  euphemism for brainwashing done by experts

(15)Since however the goal of risk communication should be to enable people to  make informed decisions about technological risks, a clear understanding  about how the public perceives risk is needed. Lay people s definitions of  "risk" are more likely to reflect

(20) subjective ethical concerns than are experts definitions Lay people for  example tend to perceive a small risk to children as more significant than a  large risk to consenting adults who benefit from the risk-creating technology.  However, if asked to rank hazards

(25) by the number of annual fatalities, without reference to ethical judgments,  lay people provide quite reasonalbe estimates, demonstrating that they have  substantial knowledge about many risks. Although some studies claim to  demonstrate that lay people have inappropriate

(30) concerns about exotic hazards. these studies often use questionable  methods, such as asking lay people to rank risks that are hard to compare,  In contrast, a recent study showed that when lay people were given the  necessary facts and time they understood the specific

(35) risks of electromagnetic fields produced by high-voltage power  transmission well enough to make informed decisions

 Risk communication should therefore be based on the principle that  people process new information in

(40) the context of their existing beliefs. If people know nothing about a topic  they will find messages about that topic incomprehensible, If they have  erroneous beliefs, they are likely to misconstrue the messages. Thus,  communicators need to know the nature and

(45) extent of recipients knowledge and beliefs in order to design messages  that will not be dismissed or misinterpreted. This need was demonstrated in a  research project concerning the public s level of knowledge about risks posed  by the presence of radon

(50) in the home. Researchers used open-ended interviews and questionnaires  to determine what information should be included in their brochure on radon.  Subjects who read the researchers brochure performed significantly better in  understanding radon risks than significantly better in understanding radon  risks than

(55) did a control group who read a brochure that was written using a different  approach by a government agency. Thus, careful preparation can help risk  communicators to produce balanced material that tells people what they  need to know to make decisions

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