第一节命题规律

写作部分是对考生书面表达能力的考查，因而在命题方面有着不同于其他部分的特点,考生应了解其命题规律，做到心中有数。

一、改写句子

该节共有3道题，主要考查考生在意思相同的情况下，对不同句型的表达方式的掌握。改写句子最基本的要求是保证改写后的句子和原句的意思大体相同。以填空的形式命题，考生须填补空白并使补全的句子与原句意思一致。该节要求考生要仔细阅读原句，准确理解其含义，将原句和目标句相互比较，找出需要补全的内容，正确改写句子。

(一)改写句子的常考题型

● 主动语态与被动语态的转换

【例句】

1.Many workers built this factory in 2001.

This factoryby many workers in 2001.

【正确答案】was built

【规律分析】这部分要求熟悉被动语态的构成——不同时态下系动词be的变化形式。

● 直接引语与间接引语的转换

【例句】

2.He asked me,“Where are you going?”

He asked me.

【正确答案】where I was going

【规律分析】这部分要求了解直接引语与间接引语。二者互变时要注意：人称的变化；时间表示法的变化；指示代词的变化；一般疑问句中疑问词的变化；特殊疑问句中语序的变化规则等。

● There be句型的变换

【例句】

3.The room is empty.

There is in the room.

4.What can I do for you?

anything I can do for you?

【正确答案】3.nothing4.Is there

【规律分析】这部分要求了解 there be 句型的基本结构，注意系动词be在不同语境下的变化形式。

● It引导的形式主语句子与其他句型的转换

【例句】

5.He spent 4 hours in doing his homework yesterday.

It took him 4 hours his homework yesterday.

6.It seems that they like pop music.

They to like pop music.

【正确答案】5.to do6.seem

【规律分析】这部分要求了解代词it在句子中的各种用法。it在英语中是个相当活跃的代词，它可以作形式主语、形式宾语和引导强调句等。

● 一些习惯用法的不同表示法

第四章写作全国英语等级考试教程(第一级)【例句】

7.They have studied English for 20 years.

They began to study English .

8.He went to the class at 9 o’clock.

He didn’t go to the class 9 o’clock.

【正确答案】7.20 years ago8.until

【规律分析】这部分要求掌握英语中一些习惯用法的表达方式。在改写句子时，要求用不同的句型或不同的词表达出相同的意思。

● 词或词组间的互换

【例句】

9.He spent 20 dollars buying this book.

He20 dollars this book.

10.She does well in English.

She is English.

【正确答案】9.paid...for10.good at

【规律分析】这部分考查同义词或词组的替换。有些词虽然意义相近或相同，但往往在用法和结构搭配上有区别，考生应尤其注意。

● 句子与词组间的互换

【例句】

11.We’re always busy with our work.

We seldom have .

12.The boy is very young. The boy can’t understand it.

The boy isyoung understand it.