下面我们以2003年综合类B/C级阅读判断文章为例来分析名词结构和动词结构在句中充当的语法功能。
A Pay Rise or Not?
"Unless I get a rise, I'll have a talk with the boss, Henry Manley," George Strong said to himself. George liked his job and he liked the town (he lived in), but his wife kept telling him (that his pay was not enough to meet the needs of the family). That was (why he was thinking of taking a job in Birmingham, a nearby city about 50 miles away). He had been offered a job in a factory there, and the pay was far better.
George lived in Wyeford, a medium-sized (复合词)town. He really liked the place and didn't like the idea of moving somewhere else, but if he took the job in Birmingham, he would have to move his family there.

小节：
名词性的结构通常在句子中充当句子主语， 宾语(动词宾语和介词宾语)，表语， 同位语;
动词性结构通常在句子中充当句子谓语(主句谓语和从句谓语)或非谓语的形式出现(e.g. telling him, taking a job 包括不定式， 动名词和分词结构)

英语小常识：
* Director smith(史密斯局长)，Manager Jackson (杰克逊经理)，Principal Morris(莫里斯校长)
医生或有博士学位的人称 Doctor ...;有权主持法庭审判的人可称Judge ...。州长和市长可称Governor ...和 Mayor ....。实际上外国人在称呼州长和市长时往往只称Governor或Mayor，而省去了他们的名字， 在称呼教授时也是仅仅称呼他们为Professor。

职称英语核心词汇推荐
against prep. 反对, 逆, 违背,(be against …/ 违反, 不顾, fight against…/对抗);
age n. 年龄 v. 变老(at the age of…/ 时年..岁; be of age(= come of age/)成年 ;
ago adv. 以前，以往(long long ago很久很久以前, two days ago/两天前);
agree v. 一致, 相合, 同意(agree on…/对…意见一致; agree with sb. /同意某人的话 );
agreement n. 一致, 同意, 协议(in agreement with .../ ..和..一致);
agriculture n.农业
ahead adv.在前, 向前, 提前( ahead of…/在…之前;超过);
aid v. 帮助, 援助 n. 帮助, 支援(aid sb. in sth./ 帮助某人做。。);
aim v. (常与at连用)瞄准, 对准, 以…为目标n. 瞄准;目标(aim to do sth./ 致力于做。。;aim at doing sth./ sth. / 致力于做。。);
air n. 空气, 天空(fresh air /新鲜空气; by air /乘飞机);
airplane n. 飞机;
airport n.航空站,机场 ;
alarm n. 惊恐，担忧，报警器， 闹钟，警报v. 使担心，使惊恐
alcohol n. 酒精;
(A级)alert v.(常与to连用)警告adj. 警惕的; 警觉的(alert sb. to sth. /警告某人注意..的危险);
(A级)alien adj.. 外国(人)的， (与…)不同 (from)，
alike adj. [常作表语]同样的, 相似的(look alike/看起来相似)
alive adj. 活的，活着的( keep sth alive/ 让。。仍然活着 );
all adj. 所有的, 全部的pron.全体, 全部, (与of连用)整体;全部(in all/总计; above all/首先，尤其是, all over/到处，遍及, after all/终究，毕竟, at all/完全， 根本， 究竟; after all/虽然这样， 毕竟);
(A级)allocate v. 分配, 配给;
allow v. 允许，准许, 给予 (allow sb. to do sth./允许某人做。。);
almost adv. 几乎;
alone adj. [只作表语] 单独的; 孤独的(be alone/独自一人， leave sb. alone/让某人独自呆一会)
along prep. 沿着(walk along the river/沿着河走; all along/始终;一直 ; along with/与…一道);
aloud adv. 高声地，响亮地
already adv. [表示现在或过去某时已发生的事实] 已经,;
also adv. 也, 同样, 而且(not only..but also...或 not only...but../不仅..而且…);
alter v. 变更;改变，改换
Alternative n. 两者择一, 替换物， adj. 两者择一的,交替的;
although adv. 尽管，虽然;
always adv. 总是;
a.m. adv. 上午

词汇题解析： (1993， 考研)
1. It doesn’t matter whether he works hard; the question is whether he works ___.
A. above all
B. in all
C. at all
D. after all
分析：
该题考察与同一个词相关的短语。对于一些短语结构可以借助其组成成分的基本词义来推出该短语可能具有的含义：above all(“在一切的上面”，因此推测above all的含义与“重要性”有关，这个含义放在空格处不合适，所以这个词不是答案。 above all的含义是“首先”) ;in all和at all从组成的成分来看有一定关系， 因此推测B和C中出答案的可能性较大;after all是在文章阅读中常遇到的短语：e.g. Maybe she was right after all. (“虽然是这样”)e.g. I’m not really ambitious. After all, money isn’t everything. (“毕竟”)after all的这两个词义放在句子中都不合适， 所以答案只能来自B和C。in all的含义是“总计”， at all是“完全， 根本， 究竟”e.g. Has the situation improved at all? (究竟) e.g. You don’t have any money at all? (根本)“究竟”这个含义放在空格中合适。所以答案是C。

2. First editions of certain popular books cannot be obtained for love or money.
A. at any places
B. At any price
C. in any language
D. in any country
分析：
for love or money字面含义是“为了爱或为了钱”，借助常识：“爱”和“钱”都是我们生活中很重要的东西，因此推测这个短语可能与词义“重要”有关， 对比四个被选项， 只有B中的核心词(price)最可能反映出“价值(重要性)”， 因此推测B是答案。not for love or money 这个短语用于非正式的语言中， 其含义是“根本不可能”e.g. I couldn’t find the keys for love or money.
结束语 Let’s call it a day. “今天就到此为止吧”。