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牛津实用英语语法 318 以shall I/we?开头的问句变为间接引语

分类: 英语学习方法  时间: 2023-12-07 09:08:07 

以shall I/we?开头的问句有四种类型:

A 对未来事件的推测或查询:

‘Shall I ever see them again?he wondered.

他问自己:“我还能再见到他们吗?”

‘When shall I know the result of the test?’she asked.

她问:“我什么时候才能知道考试的结果?”

这种句子适用shall/will的一般规则。表示猜测时,通常由wonder引导句子:

He wondered if he would ever see them again.

他心里想他是否还能再见到他们。

She asked when she would know the result of the test.

她问什么时候她才能知道考试的结果。

B请求指示或征求意见:

‘What shall I do with it?’

“我拿它怎么办呢?”相当于:

‘Tell me what to do with it.

“告诉我该拿它怎么办。”

在间接引语中这种请求可以用ask,inquire等动词加should 结构或be+不定式结构表达。对征求意见的转述一般用should:

‘Shall we post it,sir?’he said.

他说:“先生,要不要把这东西寄了?”相当于:

He asked the customer if they were to post/if they should post it.

他问顾客是否要把这东西寄了。

‘what whall I say,mother?’she said.

她说:“妈妈,我该说点什么呢?”相当于:

She asked her mother what she should say.

她问母亲她该说点什么。(征求意见)

当需要就某事做出选择时,在间接引语中一般用whether,有时也可用whether+不定式(参见第317节E):

‘Shall I lock the car or leave it unlocked?’he said.

他说:“我该把汽车锁上呢,还是不锁?”相当于:

He asked whether he should/was to lock the car or leave it unlocked./He asked whether to lock the car...

他问是否该把汽车锁上,还是不用锁。

C主动提出为对方做一件事或提供某物:

‘Shall I bring you some tea?’

“我给你端点儿茶来好吗?”

可转述为:

He offered to bring me some tea.

他主动要给我端茶来。

请注意‘Would you like me to bring you some tea?’(“要不要我给你端点儿茶来?”)和‘I’ll bring you some tea if you like’(“如果你愿意的话,我给你端点儿茶来”)这两个句子也可用offer 来转述。

D提出建议:

‘Shall we meet at the theatre?’

“我们在剧院见面好吗?”

可转述为:

He suggested meeting at the theatre.

他建议在剧院见面。

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