jolt——To disturb suddenly and severely； stun震惊=shock Something that jars the mind or emotions as if with a violent， unexpected blow.震惊
myth——A fictitious story， person， or thing传说=legend An unverified story handed down from earlier times， especially one popularly believed to be historical传说
noxious——Harmful to living things； injurious to health有害的=harmful
narrate——To give an account or a description叙述或描绘=recount To narrate the facts or particulars of详细叙述
over taxed——税收过高的=heavily burdened负担沉重的
outbreak——A sudden increase突然发生=beginning The act or process of bringing or being broughtsintosbeing； a start开端
originate——To comesintosbeing； start出现；开始=initial， genesis， pioneer
To bringsintosbeing； create创造=invent，
puncture—— To pierce with a pointed object刺用带尖的物体穿透=pierce
quaint—— Odd， especially in an old-fashioned way离奇的=odd， bizarre Strikingly unconventional and far-fetched in style or appearance； odd古怪的
protrude—— To jut out； project突出；伸出=project To extend forward or out； jut out突出
prospect—— Something expected； a possibility期待被期望的某物；可能性=possibility
prosperity—— The condition of being prosperous繁荣=wealth The state of being rich； affluence富裕
proponent—— One who argues in support of something； an advocate倡导者=supporter
property—— A characteristic trait or peculiarity， especially one serving to define or describe its possessor特性=characteristic，
A piece of real estate地产；不动产=estate
proper—— Characterized by appropriateness or suitability； fitting恰当的=suitable， correctly
promising—— Likely to develop in a desirable manner有前途的；有希望的=likely Apt to achieve success or yield a desired outcome； promising有希望的
prominent—— Widely known； eminent著名的=distinguished Characterized by excellence or distinction； eminent卓越的
proliferation—— To grow or multiply by rapidly producing new tissue， parts， cells， or offspring增生，增殖=multiply To breed or propagate繁殖或增殖
prevail—— To be in force， use， or effect； be current正在用的，有影响的；现行的=dominate
prevailing—— Most frequent or common； predominant普遍的；有优势的=most frequent
primal—— Of first importance； primary最重要的；主要的=key， principal First， highest， or foremost in importance， rank， worth， or degree； chief重要的，首要的
primarily—— Of first importance； primary最重要的；主要的=mainly For the most part； chiefly.大部分地；主要地
prehistoric—— Of， relating to， or belonging to the era before recorded history史前的=ancient
preservative—— Something used to preserve， especially a chemical added to foods to inhibit spoilage防腐剂=maintain To keep in an existing state； preserve or retain保持
preside over——管理，主管=manage