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雅思阅读--如何排除干扰项

分类: IELTS雅思英语 

雅思阅读选择题分为了单项选择和多项选择,但是一般情况下,干扰项的类别却是一样的,大家只要能抓住这些干扰项特点,就可以更容易发现正确答案。

一、 重要干扰项

重要干扰项就是指,这种选项虽然不是正确答案,却与原文不冲突(或者很难判断是否与原文冲突),它们与正确答案看起来比较相似,只不过不如正确答案更准确、更完整或更严谨。我们和小编一起来看下面的例子:

In Tarkovsky’s opinion, the attraction of the cinema is that it

A aims to impress its audience.

B tells stories better than books.

C illustrates the passing of time.

D describes familiar events.

我们可以定位到原文的C段和D段,C段提到:The frightened audience could not accept that they were watching a mere picture. Pictures were still, only reality moved; this must, therefore, be reality. In their confusion, they feared that a real train was about to crush them. 这一段文字表达了观众当时的反应,观众们很难接受自己看到的是图画而不是事实。D段提到:The key to that magic was the way in which cinema created a dynamic image of the real flow of events. A still picture could only imply the existence of time, while time in a novel passed at the whim of the reader. But in cinema, the real, objective flow of time was captured. 这段文字描述了电影创造了事件随时间的发展演变,并且用picture和novel进行类比,强调电影的魔力是让人清楚地看到事情流畅地随时间演变。

根据这两段文字所表达的意思,很多学生会选择A或B选项,因为原文提及了观众、小说(书)的内容。A和B两个选项与原文所讲的内容并不是矛盾或完全不符合的。因此,这两个选项就干扰了我们正确的选择。当我们把这两段文字仔细推敲之后,发现描述观众的反应和对比书和电影的区别,都是为了表达电影的魔力在于表达事件随时间的发展这一主题含义。C项的含义比AB要更准确,因此答案选择C项。

二、 错误干扰项

相比之下,多选题目的错误干扰项就较容易识别出来了。我们可以看到,有些题目中,某个选项与原文是直接矛盾的,那么肯定不会选择它为正确的答案。比如:

A recent survey found that in British secondary schools,

A there was more bullying than had previously been the case.

B there was less bullying than in primary schools.

C cases of persistent bullying were very common.

D indirect forms of bullying were particularly difficult to deal with.

我们看到原文,其中有一句话是:There was less bullying in secondary schools, with about one in twenty-five suffering persistent bullying. 通过这句话,我们可以明显地判断出,C项的含义与原文是矛盾的。very common和one in twenty-five的比例是明显不符的。因此,C选项就是一个错误的干扰项,我们可以确定地排除答案是C项的可能性。

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