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重点解析:浅谈as的用法

分类: 中学试题 
在中学英语课本中, as 多次出现。它的含义较多,且用法灵活。现将其用法分析归纳如下:

1. as 作为副词,常与连词 as 连用,意为“和……一样”。例如: as easy as ABC (非常容易), as cool as cucumber (沉着的), as stubborn as a mule (非常顽强的,倔强的), as clear as crystal (非常透明的), as poor as a church mouse (非常贫困的), as busy as a bee (非常繁忙的)。在这些短语中,第一个 as 是副词,第二个 as 是连。在否定句中,作副词用的 as 可以用 so 代替。例如:

It's not so easy as I thought. (这不像我想的那么容易。)

2. as 作为连词,其意义和用法主要有:

( 1 )意为“当……之时”,引导时间状语从句,在意思上相当于 when 和 while 引导的时间状语从句。例如:

As he grew up, he became silent. (他长大以后,变得沉默寡言。)

( 2 ) 意为“既然,因为”,引导原因状语从句,不过它引导的原因状语从句时所表示的原因不如 because 引导的从句所表示的原因那么直接和强烈。试比较:

As he wasn't ready, we went without him. (既然他没有准备好,我们就自己去了。)

Because he was ill, he couldn't go to school. (因为他病了,所以不能去上学。)(原因状语从句表示“不能去上学”的直接原因)

( 3 ) 意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句,在意思上相当于 although 引导的从句。 as 引导让步状语从句时,常以下列句式出现:名词 / 副词 / 动词 (原形) / 形容词 +as+ 主语 + 其他成分。例如:

Child as he is ( =Although he is a child ) , he can speak English. (尽管他是个孩子,他却能讲英语。)

Young as you are ( =Although you are young ) , you can do it very well. (虽然你年轻,但你却能做得很好。)

Much as I like it , I'll not buy it. (虽然我很喜欢它,我也不会买。)

Try as he may, he has little hope to win. (尽管他会尽力,但取胜的希望却很小。)

( 4 ) 意为“如,像”,引导方式状语从句。例如:

You must do as I tell you . (你必须按照我告诉你的那样去做。)

( 5 ) 意为“作为……(某种身份),当做,视为”。例如:

As a student, you must obey the rules. (作为学生,你必须遵守纪律。 )

3. as 作介词,意为“如同,作为”。例如:

Unite as one man. (团结得像一个人。)

as 还可以用于 regard , view , treat , acknowledge 及类似意义的动词之后,构成固定搭配。例如:

Most of us regard him as a kind man. (我们大多数人认为他是个好心人。)

We treat them as our friends. (我们把他们当作朋友。)

4. as 用作关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等,有“正如……”或“据……”的意思;它所引导的从句位置较灵活,可以位于句首、句中或句末。例如:

As we know from his accent, he is from Shanghai. (正如我们从他的口音中所知道的,他来自上海。)(从句位于句首)

Mary, as we had expected, passed the exam. (正如我们所预料到的,玛丽通过了考试。)(从句位于句中)

as 还可以引导限制性定语从句。若先行词被 the same , such 修饰,关系代词应用 as .例如:

This is such an interesting book as everybody likes to read. (这是一本有趣的、每个人都喜欢看的书。)( as 在从句中作宾语)

This is such a good book as will help you in your study. (这是一本对你学习有帮助的好书。)( as 在从句中作主语)

He is not such a kind boy as he looks. (他看上去地个善良的男孩,实际上却不是。)( as 在从句中作表语)

You must show my wife the same respect as you show me. (你必须尊重我的妻子,就像尊重我一样。)( as 在从句中作宾语)

需要注意 as 引导定语从句时与 so/such……that 引导的结果状语从句的区别。试比较:

This is such an interesting book as everybody likes to read. ( as 引导定语从句,代替先行词 book ,在从句中作宾语)

This is such an interesting book the everybody likes to read it . ( that 引导结果状语从句,因为从句中 read 后面有代词 it 作宾语。)

以上介绍了 as 的一些用法,下面请做巩固性练习:

1. is well known, the earth is round.

A. It B. As C. These D. That

2. is well known that the earth is round.

A. That B. It C. As D. There

3. He is handsome a boy that all of us like him.

A. so B. such C. as D. who

4. He is such a handsome boy all of us like.

A. so B. such C. whom D. as

5. Boy he was, he could write a novel.

A. as B. since C. because D. who

  Key: 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. A

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