本文是根据最新专八考试大纲针对人文知识的要求，从语言学内容精选出的考前自测试题。

1.Which of the following statements about language is NOT true?
A. Language is a system B. Language is symbolic
C. Animals also have language D. Language is arbitrary

2.Which of the following features is NOT one of the design features of language?
A. Symbolic B. Dual C. Productive D. Arbitrary

3.What is the most important function of language?
A. Interpersonal B. Phatic C. Informative D. Metalingual

4.Who put forward the distinction between Langue and Parole?
A. Saussure B. Chomsky C. Halliday D. Anonymous

5.According to Chomsky, which is the ideal user's internalized knowledge of his language?
A. competence B. parole C. performance D. langue

6.The function of the sentence "A nice day, isn't it?" is        .
A. informative B. phatic C. directive D. performative

7.Articulatory phonetics mainly studies              .
A. the physical properties of the sounds produced in speech
B. the perception of sounds
C. the combination of sounds
D. the production of sounds

8.The distinction between vowels and consonants lies in             .
A. the place of articulation B. the obstruction of airstream
C. the position of the tongue D. the shape of the lips

9.Which is the branch of linguistics which studies the characteristics of speech sounds and provides methods for their description, classification and transcription?
A. Phonetics B. Phonology C. Semantics D. Pragmatics

10.Which studies the sound systems in a certain language?
A. Phonetics B. Phonology C. Semantics D. Pragmatics

11.Minimal pairs are used to                  .
A. find the distinctive features of a language
B. find the phonemes of a language
C. compare two words
D. find the allophones of language

12.Usually, suprasegmental features include,length and pitch.
A. phoneme B. speech sounds C. syllables D. stress

13.Which is an indispensable part of a syllable?
A. Coda B. Onset C. Stem D. Peak

14.Which is the smallest unit of language in terms of relationship between expression and content?
A. Word B. Morpheme C. Allomorph D. Root
15.Which studies the internal structure of words, and the rules by which words are formed?
A. Morphology B. Syntax C. Phonology D. Semantics

16.Lexeme is                .
A. a physically definable unit
B. the common factor underlying a set of forms
C. a grammatical unit
D. an indefinable unit

17.Which of the following sounds does not belong to the allomorphs of the English plural morpheme ?
A. [s] B. [iz] C. [ai] D. [is]

18.All words contain a              .
A. root morpheme B. bound morpheme C. prefix D. suffix

19.The relationship between "fruit" and "apple" is
A. homonymy B. hyponymy C. polysemy D. synonymy

20.The part of the grammar that represents a speaker's knowledge of the structure of phrases and sentences is called           .
A. lexicon B. morphology C. syntax D. semantics

21.Which of the following items is not one of the grammatical categories of English pronouns?
A. gender B. number C. case D. voice

22.The pair of words "lend" and "borrow" are
A. gradable opposites B. converse opposites C. co-hyponyms D. synonyms

23."Big" and "Small" are a pair of  opposites.
A. complementary B. gradable C. complete D. converse

24.According to C. Morris and R. Carnap, which is studies the relationship between symbols and their interpreters?
A. syntax B. semantics C. pragmatics D. sociolinguistics

25.There are deixis in the sentence she has sold it here yesterday.
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6

26.In the following conversation:
- Beirut is in Peru, isn't it?
- And Rome is in Romania, I suppose.
The second person violates the
A. Quantity Maxim B. Quality Maxim C. Relation Maxim D. Manner Maxim

27.The maxim of requires that a participant's contribution be relevant to the conversation.
A. quantity B. quality C. manner D. relation