完形填空全真模拟定  （Passages 1——14）

大纲样题

Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points )

    During the 1980s, unemployment and underemployment in some countries was as high as 90 per cent. Some countries did not     1     enough food; basic needs in housing and clothing were not     2    . Many of these countries looked to the industrial processes of the developed nations     3     solutions.

        4    , problems cannot always be solved by copying the industrialized nations. Industry in the developed nations is highly automated and very     5    .

It provides fewer jobs than labor-intensive industrial processes, and highly     6     workers are needed to     7     and repair the equipment. These workers must be trained,     8     many nations do not have the necessary training institutions. Thus, the     9     of importing industry becomes higher. Students must be sent abroad to     10     vocational and professional training.     11    .  just to begin training, the students must     12     learn English, French, German, or Japanese. The students then spend many years abroad, and     13     do not return home.

    All nations agree that science and technology     14     be shared. The point is: countries     15     the industrial processes of the developed nations need to look care-fully     16     the costs, because many of these costs are     17    . Students from these nations should     18     the problems of the industrialized countries closely.     19     care, they will take home not the problems of science and technology,     20     the benefits.

1.[A] generate              [B] raise                     [C] product           [D] manufacture

2.[A] answered            [B] met                      [C] calculated        [D] remembered

3.[A] for                     [B] without                [C] as                   [D] about

4.[A] Moreover            [B] Therefore             [C] Anyway          [D] However

5.[A] expensive            [B] mechanical           [C] flourishing       [D] complicated

6.[A] gifted                 [B] skilled                  [C] trained            [D] versatile

7.[A] keep                   [B] maintain               [C] retain              [D] protect

8.[A] since           [B] so                [C] and              [D] yet

9.[A] charge          [B] price              [C] cost             [D] value

10.[A] accept                [B] gain                        [C] receive                  [D] absorb

11.[A] Frequently           [B] Incidentally              [C] Deliberately            [D] Eventually

12.[A] soon                   [B] quickly                    [C] immiediately           [D] first

13.[A] some                  [B] others                     [C] several                  [D] few

14.[A] might                 [B] should                     [C] would                   [D] will

15.[A] adopting             [B] conducting              [C] receiving               [D] adjusting

16.[A] to                       [B] at                            [C] on                         [D] about

17.[A] opaque               [B] secret                      [C] sealed                    [D] hidden

18.[A] tackle                 [B] learn                       [C] study                    [D] manipulate

19.[A] In                      [B] Through                  [C] With                       [D] Under

20.[A] except                [B] nor                         [C] or                           [D] but

全真模拟试题

Passage 1

    Silence is unnatural to man. He begins life with a cry and ends it in stillness. In the     1     he does all he can to make a noise in the world, and there are few things     2     he stands in more fear than of the     3     of noise. Even his conversation is     4     a desperate attempt to prevent a dreadful silence. If he is introduced to a fellow mortal and a number of     5     occur in the conversation, he regards himself as a failure, a worthless person, and is full of     6     of the emptiest-headed chatterbox. He knows that ninety-nine percent of human conversation means     7     the buzzing of a fly, but the longs to join in the buzz and to prove that he is a man and not a wax-work     8    . The object of conversation is not,     9     

the most part, to communicate ideas; it is to     10     the buzzing sound. Most buzzing,     11    , is agreeable to the ear, and some of it is agreeable even to the     12    . He would be a foolish man, however,     13     waited until he had a wise thought to take part in the buzzing with his neighbors. Those who     14     the weather as a conversational opening seem to be     15     of the reason why human beings wish to talk. Very few human beings join in a conversation     16     the hope of learning anything new. Some of them are     17     if they are merely allowed to go on making a noise into other people's ears, though they have nothing to tell them     18     they have seen a new play. At the end of an evening during which they have said nothing at immense     19    , they justly     20     themselves on their success as conversationalists.

1.[A] intervention           [B] interval                    [C] eclipse                    [D] meantime

2.[A] of which              [B] in which                  [C] with which              [D] by which

3.[A] presence               [B] abundance               [C] existence                 [D] absence

4.[A] in great measure    [B] in brief                    [C] all in all                   [D] at least

5.[A] hesitations            [B] delays                     [C] interruptions            [D] pauses

6.[A] admiration            [B] envy                       [C] amazement              [D] revenge

7.[A] more than             [B] no less than             [C] rather than               [D] no more than

8.[A] character              [B] figure                      [C] role                         [D] personality

9.[A] for                       [B]in                             [C]at                            [D]on

10.[A] carry out            [B] pick up                    [C] speed up                 [D] keep up

11.[A] particularly          [B] unfortunately           [C] fortunately.              [D] utterly

12.[A] mind                  [B] mentality                 [C] intelligence              [D] wit

13.[A] who                   [B] when                      [C] if                            [D] which

14.[A] dispose               [B] dispatch                  [C] dismiss                   [D] despise

15.[A] ignorant        [B] negligible         [C] obscure           [D] inconspicuous

16.[A] at                   [B] against               [C] with              [D] in

17.[A] disgusted        [B] content              [C] disgraced          [D] discouraged

18.[A] in that             [B] so that               [C] such that          [D] except that

19.[A] length             [B] expanse             [C] stretch            [D] span

20.[A] prey               [B] model                [C] respect            [D] pride

 Passage 2

    Recent legal research indicated that incorrect identification is a major factor in many miscarriages（失败）of justice. It also suggests that identification of people by witnesses in a courtroom is not as     1     as commonly believed. Recent studies do not support the     2     of faith judges, jurors, lawyers and the police have in eyewitness evidence.

    The Law Commission recently published an educational paper, "Total Recall? The Reliability of Witness     3     ", as a companion guide to a proposed code of evidence. The paper finds that commonly held     4     about how our minds work and how well we remember are often wrong. But while human memory is     5     change, it should not be underestimated.

    In court witnesses are asked to give evidence about events, and judges and juries     6     its reliability. The paper points out that memory is complex, and the reliability of any person' s recall must be assessed     7    .

    Both common sense and research say memory     8     over time. The accuracy of recall and recognition are     9     their best immediately     10     encoding the information, declining at first rapidly, then gradually. The longer the delay, the more likely it is that information obtained after the event will interfere     11     the original memory, which reduces     12    .

    The paper says     13     interviews or media reports can create such     14    . "People are particularly susceptible to having their memories     15     when the passage of time allows the original memory to     16    . and will be most susceptible if they repeat the     17     as fact."

    Witnesses may see or read information after the event, then     18     it to produce something     19     offender, "Further, witnesses may strongly believe in their memories, even though aspects of those memories are     20     false."

1.[A] trustful               [B] reliable                  [C] innocent       [D] considerable

2.[A] rate                    [B] degree                  [C] extent          [D] scale

3.[A] Manifestation      [B] Declaration         [C] Presentation   [D] Testimony

4.[A] perceptions         [B] acceptances         [C] permissions   [D] receptions

5.[A] subject to           [B] liable for           [C] incapable of   [D] attributable to

6.[A] assess                [B] appreciate          [C] calculate      [D] speculate

7.[A] interactively        [B] comparatively       [C] horizontally   [D] individually

8.[A] descends            [B] declines                [C] inclines       [D] degrades

9.[A]at              [B]in                    [C]on                   [D]upon

10.[A] before        [B] after               [C] when             [D] until

11.[A] with          [B] in                  [C] at                   [D] on

12.[A] appropriacy     [B] accuracy           [C] originality     [D] justice

13.[A] consequent    [B] successive           [C] subsequent   [D] preceding

14.[A] distortions     [B] deformations              [C] malfunctions    [D] malformations

15.[A] altered        [B] transformed                [C] converted      [D] modified

16.[A] fade          [B] diminish                     [C] lessen            [D] dwell

17.[A] misinformation [B] mistreatment                [C] misguidance   [D] misjudgement

18.[A] associate      [B] connect                      [C] link               [D] integrate

19.[A] other         [B] rather                         [C] more             [D] less

20.[A] invariably     [B] constantly                    [C] justifiably       [D] verifiably

 Passage 3

    Throughout the 19th century and into the 20th, citizens of the United States maintained a bias against big cities. Most lived on farms and in small towns and believed cities to be centres of     1    , crime, poverty and moral     2    . Their distrust was caused,     3    .by a national ideology that     4     farming the greatest occupation and rural living     5     to urban living. This attitude     6     even as the number of urban dwellers increased and cities became an essential     7     of the national landscape. Gradually, economic reality overcame ideology. Thousands     8     the precarious (不稳定的) life on the farm for more secure and better paying jobs in the city. But when these people     9     from the countryside, they carried their fears and suspicions with them. These new urbanities, already convinced that cities were     10     with great problems, eagerly     11     the progressive reforms that promised to bring order out of the     12     of the city.

    One of many reforms came     13     the area of public utilities. Water and sewerage systems were usually operated by     14     governments, but the gas and electric networks were privately owned. Reformers feared that the privately owned utility companies would     15     exorbitant (过度的) rates for these essential services and     16     them only to people who could afford them. Some city and state governments responded by     17     the utility companies, but a number of cities began to supply these services themselves.     18     of these reforms argued that public ownership and regulation would     19     widespread access to these utilities and guarantee a     20     price.

   1.   [A]eruption             [B]corruption                 [C]interruption               [D]provocation

   2.   [A]disgrace              [B]deterioration              [C]dishonor                   [D]degradation

   3.   [A]by origin             [B]in part                       [C]at all                         [D]at random

   4.   [A]proclaimed          [B]exclaimed                  [C]claimed                     [D]reclaimed

   5.   [A]superb                [B]super                        [C]exceptional                [D]superior

   6.   [A]predominated      [B]dominated                 [C]commanded              [D]prevailed

   7.   [A]feature                [B]peculiarity                 [C]quality                      [D]attribute

   8.   [A]deserted              [B]departed                    [C]abolished                  [D]abandoned

   9.   [A]reallocated          [B]migrated                   [C]replaced                    [D]substituted

   10.  [A]overwhelmed      [B]overflowed                [C]overtaken                  [D]preoccupied

   11.  [A]embraced            [B]adopted                     [C]hugged                     [D]outbreaks

   12.  [A]chaos                 [B]chores                      [C]chorus                      [D]outbreaks

   13.  [A]at                       [B]by                [C]out                [D]in

   14.  [A]public                 [B]municipal          [C]republican          [D]national

  15.[A] charge         [B] take                      [C] cost                  [D] spend

  16.[A] distribute       [B] deliver                   [C] transfer             [D] transport

  17.[A] degenerating    [B] generating              [C] regenerating        [D] regulating

  18.[A] Proponents     [B] Opponents             [C] Sponsors                                     [D] Rivals

  19.[A] secure         [B] ensure                   [C] reassure            [D] incur

  20.[A] fair           [B] just                        [C] square              [D] objective

Passage 4

    Psychologist Alfred Adler suggested that the primary goal of the psyche（灵魂、精神）was superiority. Although     1     he believed that individuals struggled to achieve superiority over others, Adler, eventually     2     a more complex definition of the drive for superiority.

    Adler's concept of striving for superiority does not     3     the everyday meaning of the word superiority. He did not mean that we innately（天生地）seek to     4     one another in rank or position,     5     did he mean that we seek to     6     an attitude of exaggerated importance over our peers.     7    . Adler's drive for superiority involves the desire to be competent and effective, complete and thorough, in     8     one strives to do.

    Striving for superiority occasionally takes the     9     of an exaggerated lust for power. An individual may seek to play god and     10     control over objects and people. The goal may introduce an     11     tendency into our lives, in which we play games of "dog eat dog". But such expressions of the desire for superiority do not     12     its more positive, constructive nature.

        13     Adler, striving for superiority is innate and is part of the struggle for     14     that human beings share with other species in the process of evolution. From this     15    . life is not     16     by the need to reduce tension or restore     17    . as sigmund Freud tended to think;     18    , life is encouraged by the desire to move from below to above, from minus to plus, from inferior to superior. The particular ways in which individuals     19     their quest（追求）for superiority are     20     by their culture, their unique history.

and their style of life.

1.[A] instinctively          [B] initially                    [C] presumably              [D] invariably

2.[A] designed               [B] devised                    [C] manipulated             [D] developed

3.[A] refer to                 [B] point to                   [C] comply with            [D] stand up for

4.[A] surpass                [B] overpass                  [C] overthrow               [D] pursue

5.[A] or                        [B] never                      [C] hardly                     [D] nor

6.[A] retain                   [B] sustain                    [C] maintain                  [D] obtain

7.[A] Rather                  [B] Despite                    [C] Though                   [D] Thus

8.[A] which                  [B] that                         [C] whichever               [D] whatever

9.[A] form                    [B] format                     [C] formation                [D] shape

10.[A] operate               [B] speculate                 [C] exercise                  [D] resume

11.[A] ambiguous          [B] intricate                   [C] deliberate                 [D] hostile

12.[A] reflect                [B] abide                       [C] glorify                     [D] project

13.[A] According to       [B] In terms of              [C] Regardless of           [D] In view of

14.[A] survivor            [B] survival                  [C] durability               [D] consistency

15.[A] respective          [B] prospect                 [C] profile                   [D] perspective

16.[A] motivated          [B] animated                [C] inspired                 [D] elevated

17.[A] equation            [B] equivalent               [C] equilibrium            [D] equality

18.[A] subsequently      [B] instead                   [C] consequently         [D] otherwise

19.[A] undermine         [B] overtake                 [C] fling                      [D] undertake

20.[A] determined        [B] resolved                 [C] consolidated          [D] reinforced        

 Passage 5

    Most people who travel long distances complain of jetlag（喷气飞行时差反应)．Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone     1     making mistakes. It is actually caused by     2     of your "body clock" — a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological     3    . The body clock is designed for a     4     rhythm of daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when it     5     daylight and darkness at the "wrong" times in a new time zone. The     6     of jetlag often persist for days     7     the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone.

    Now a new anti-jetlag system is     8     that is based on proven     9     pioneering scientific research. Dr. Martin Moore-Ede has      10    a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone     11     controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates     12     of the discomfort of jetlag.

    A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact times to either     13     or avoid bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedule     14     light exposure depends a great deal on     15     travel plans.

    Data on a specific flight itinerary and the individual' s sleep     16     are used to produce a Trip Guide with     17     on exactly when to be exposed to bright light.

    When the Trip Guide calls     18     bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark outside, or the weather is bad,     19     you are on an aeroplane, you can use a special light device to provide the necessary light     20     for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working.

1.[A] from                    [B] of                           [C] for                          [D] to

2.[A] eruption                [B] disruption                [C] rupture                    [D] corruption

3.[A] actions                 [B] functions                 [C] behavior                  [D] reflection

4.[A] formal                  [B] continual                 [C] regular                    [D] circular

5.[A] experiences           [B] possesses                [C] encounters              [D] retains

6.[A] signs                    [B] defects                    [C] diseases                  [D] symptoms

7.[A] if                         [B] whereas                  [C] while                      [D] although

8.[A] agreeable              [B] available                  [C] adaptable                 [D] approachable

9.[A] extensive              [B] tentative                  [C] broad                      [D] inclusive

10.[A] devised               [B] scrutinized               [C] visualized                [D] recognized

11.[A] in                       [B] as                           [C] at                           [D] through

12.[A] more                  [B] little                        [C] most                       [D] least

13.[A] shed                   [B] retrieve                    [C] seek                        [D] attain

14.[A] in                       [B] for                          [C] on                          [D] with

15.[A] specific              [B] complicated             [C] unique                     [D] peculiar

16.[A] mode                  [B] norm                       [C] style                       [D] pattern

17.[A] directories           [B] commentaries          [C] instructions             [D] specifications

18.[A] up                      [B] off                          [C] on                          [D] for

19.[A] or                      [B] and                         [C] but                         [D] while

20.[A] spur                   [B] stimulus                  [C] agitation                  [D] acceleration

  Passage 6

    Our ape-men forefathers had     1     obvious natural weapons in the struggle for survival in the open. They had neither the powerful teeth nor the strong claws of the big cats. They could not     2     with the bear, whose strength, speed and claws     3     an impressive "small-fire" weaponry. They could not even defend themselves     4     running swiftly like the horses, zebras or small animals. If the apemen had attempted to compete on those terms in the open, they would have been     5     to failure and extinction. But they were     6     with enormous concealed advantages of a kind not possessed by any of their competitors.

    In the search     7     the pickings of the forest, the ape-men had     8     efficient stereoscopic vision and a sense of colour that the animals of the grasslands did not possess. The ability to see clearly at close range permitted the ape-men to study practical problems in a way that lay far     9     the reach of the original inhabitants of the grassland. Good long-distance sight was     10     another matter. Lack of long-distance vision had not been a problem for forest-dwelling apes and monkeys because the higher the viewpoint, the     11     the range of sight-so     12     they had had to do was climb a tree. Out in the open, how ever, this simple solution was not     13     

    Climbing a hill would have helped,     14     in many places the ground was flat. The ape-men     15     the only possible solution. They reared up as high as possible on their hind limbs and began to walk     16    .

    This vital change of physical position brought about considerable disadvantages. It was extremely unstable and it meant that the already slow ape-men became slower     17    .

        18     they persevered and their bone structure gradually became     19     to the new, unstable position that 20 them the name Homo erectus, upright man.

1.[A] no                        [B] some                       [C] few                        [D] many

2.[A] match                  [B] compare                  [C] rival                        [D] equal

3.[A] became                [B] equipped                  [C] posed                      [D] provided

4.[A] in                         [B] upon                       [C] by                          [D] with

5.[A] driven                  [B] doomed                   [C] forced                     [D] led

6.[A] bestowed              [B] given                       [C] presented                [D] endowed

7.[A] for                       [B] of                           [C] on                          [D] at

8.[A] progressed            [B] generated                 [C] developed                [D] advanced

9.[A] from                    [B] apart                       [C] beyond                    [D] above

10.[A] rather                 [B] quite                       [C] much                      [D] really

11.[A] greater                [B] smaller                    [C] farther                    [D] nearer

12.[A] anything             [B] that                         [C] everything               [D] all

13.[A] available              [B] enough                    [C] sufficient                 [D] convenient

14.[A] when                  [B] but                          [C] so                           [D] and

15.[A] chose                 [B] adopted                   [C] accepted                 [D] took

16.[A] fast                    [B] upright                    [C] steadily                   [D] awkwardly

17.[A] as well                [B] further                    [C] still                         [D] even

18.[A] However             [B] Therefore          &nbs