11. The arguer employs two lines of reasoning to reach this conclusion.

    12. To support this claim, the editorial cites statistics indicating that…

    13. As it stands, this argument suffers from three critical flaws.

    14. In this argument, the planning department of an investment firm reaches the conclusion that…

    15. The basis for this recommendation is the expectation that…

    16. While this argument has some merit, there are a few assumptions that deserve attention.

    17. The example cited, while suggestive of these trends, is insufficient to warrant their truth because there is no reason to believe that the data drawn from…is representative of …

    18. To begin with, this argument depends on the assumption that…

    19. Not only does the arguer fail to…, he also fails to…

    20. However, while the poll establishes a correlation between…and…, and also indicates a correlation, though less significantly, between…and…, it does not establish a general causal relationship between…