注释：

1.  veggie ( = veggy )：蔬菜( = vegetable )。也可指“素食者”( = vegetarian )。英国的俚语veg（单复数相同）也指“蔬菜”。

2.  compared to：如果与…比较起来的话。这是一个过去分词短语，作条件状语。另外，美国英语中compare to也有compare with的意思。

3.  attributed to：被认为是…的结果。此过去分词短语是risk reduction的定语。attribute sth. to…：把…归因于…，认为…是…的结果。

4.  As a result, they determined that the positive impact fruits and vegetables offer come not from just the fiber but also from antioxidants which are present in both juice and the whole fruits and vegetables.  由此他们断定，水果和蔬菜所起的积极作用不仅来自纤维，而且也来自抗氧化剂，因为无论水果还是蔬菜，其全果或汁液都含有这两种物质。这里要注意的是在语法结构上，fruits and vegetables offer是positive impact的定语从句，省略了关系代词that。

5.  coronary heart disease (CHD)：冠状动脉性心脏病（冠心病)。但要注意，CHD 也可指先天性心脏病( congenital heart disease )。

6.  inferior to：低于…的，次于…的，不如…的

7.  it does go a long way：它的确对…有很大帮助。go a long/good way：大有帮助，很有效。此处does是起强调作用的助动词，接下来的 do play an important role中的        do也是这样。  

8.  in agreement with：与…一致

9.  Juice Products Association：果汁产品协会 

10.  Alzheimer’s disease（/ÈQltshaim«/）( Alois Alzheimer )：阿尔茨海默病，早老性痴呆  

11.  International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition：国际食品科学与营养杂志

练习：

1.  What on earth in both fruits and vegetables and their juices plays the most important role in reducing risk for diseases?

A)  Proteins.

B)  Vitamins.

C)  Carbohydrates.

D)  Fiber and antioxidant.

2.  The judgment that fruit and vegetable juices are less beneficial to reducing chronic disease development is ________.

A)  evident

B)  obvious

C)  incorrect

D)  conclusive

3.  The review of the literature has documented the important role of fruit and vegetable juices in reducing the risk of various disease, ________ in particular.

    A)  lung problems

    B)  cancer and cardiovascular disease

    C)  stomach and intestine disorders

    D)  ear, nose and throat troubles

4.  A large epidemiological study also found that using various 100% fruit and vegetable juices contributed to a reduced risk for ________.

    A)  Alzheimer’s disease

    B)  inherited disease

    C)  infectious disease

    D)  blood-transmitted disease

5.  People who drink 3-4 servings of fruit and vegetable juices weekly may ________ risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease ________ those who drink only once a week.

    A)  have twenty-three percent higher, than

    B)  have three quarters lower, than

    C)  be one hundred and twenty-three percent as high, as

    D)  be one hundred and seventy-six percent as high, as

答案与题解：

1.  D  第二段第二句及第三句说到，降低患病危险性的作用应该归功于果汁和全果均含有的纤维和抗氧化剂。其它A、B、C三个选项文章均未提及。

2.  C  第三段第二句说到，在与慢性病的发生的关系方面，认为果汁不如全果有营养的观点是“unjustified”（不正当），也就是“不正确”( incorrect )。 

3.  B  第四段第二句说到，果汁在降低患各种疾病中的确起着重要作用，尤其是癌症和心血管疾病。这里 in particular正是especially的意思。 

4.  A  第四段最后一句说到，饮用果汁也与降低患阿尔茨海默病的危险性有关。     

5.  B   第五段第一句说到，每周喝3-4份果汁的人与每周只喝一次以下的人相比，其患阿尔茨海默病的危险性下降了76%，76%就是3/4，因此B项是正确答案。A项是高出23%，c项是基本不喝的人的123%，D项是基本不喝的人的176%，均不正确。