1. skim the question and write the introduction

2. input the topic sentence.找出问题所在，一个问题一句话

3. develop the body paragraphs one by one.逐一展开问题段落，按重要性递减的规律展开

4. conclusion（略）

5. checking

二、开头段的写作：

找出原论证的结论或主张，指出原论证的论据和假设，指出原论证的逻辑错误。

忠实的保留原始信息。用自己的词保留原始信息。

In this argument / analysis, the arguer concludes / claims that……To support / justify the conclusion ,  the arguer points out / provides the evidence that……and that……In addition ,  the arguer reasons（推理）that……

This argument suffers from several critical fallacies / flaws.

三、SURVEY问题：

1. vague => misleading （majority, percent, base number, few, many）

2. question: what questions will ask in the survey? Loaded questions有误导性的问题

3. Who

4. Average平均数不适合于每个成员

5. Confusing causal relationship with correlation混淆因果关系与相关性

Every causal relationship implies a correlation, but the statistical correlation does not necessarily implies a causal relation.

6. When was the survey conducted?

7. Are respondents（授调查者）being forthright（直率，说真话）? Image men / essence men

闪光句型:

1. the arguer over simplifies the issue of……

2. the arguer unfairly assumes that……

3. the arguer fails takesintosaccount other factors that……

4. the procedure of the survey might be problematic.