五、句子的结构
句子的结构主要考查四个出题方向。

(一) 主语的重复
名词+代词+谓语，这个代词永远是重复的主语，永远是错的
例：Woodrow Wilson he was an idealist who refused to make any
AB　
compromises concerning the establishment of the
　 C　 D
League of Nations.
分析：代词he不是同位语，主语重复；如果是下面这样的主语，那么便是主语同位语
A prolific writer, Woodrow Wilson

例：Two unique features of the Arctic they are
AB　
lack of precipitation and permanently frozen ground.
C D
分析：选项B中的they和前面的主语two unique features重复

(二)谓语的重复
完整的句子后面又多了一个谓语，往往改为定语从句
例：A paragraph is a portion of a text consists of　
AB　
one or more sentences related to the same idea.
C　D
分析：B错，应改为consisting of或which consists of。句中有两个无法连接的谓语动词，而且前一个谓语动词下面没有划线，故改consists为非谓语动词形式或在它前面加which使之成为从句谓语动词。

(三)谓语的缺少
例：Most mammals to maintain a relatively constant body
A　B　
　 temperature, regardless of what the air temperature might be.
C　D
分析：A错，应改为maintain。句中缺谓语动词，故去掉不定式符号to 使maintain变成谓语动词。

(四)主句的重复
主句的重复总是考even, instead, during, despite等引导的句子, 但是实际上它们无法把两个句子连接起来，因为它们都是副词或者介词，连接两个句子应该用连接词连接

例：Salmon spend most of their adult lives in salt water, despite
A　BC
they return to their freshwater birthplaces to spawn and die.
　D
分析：C错，应改为though。despite是介词，后面一般接名词作宾语，而在句中它后面却跟着一个完整的句子，所以改为连词though。
例：Solar eclipses occur during the Moon's shadow
A　B
sweeps across the face of the Earth.
CD
分析：B错，应改为when或as。介词不能引导条件状语从句，根据题意改为从属连词when或as。
例：Even many early leaders of the United States have provided
A　B　
names for towns, only George Washington
C
is remembered in the name of a state.
D
分析：A错，应改为Even though。even为副词，不能引导从句，根据题意，改为引导让步状语从句的Even though