代词之后:该单数还是复数?
全面掌握代词,除了要关注每种代词的不同用法,还需要注意代词及其先行项在“数”、“性”和“人称”方面的一致关系。今天,小编先跟大家聊聊代词及其先行项的在“数”方面一致。
代词和物主限定词单、复数形式的选择通常取决于它们的指示对象,即先行项的单、复数形式。举例来说,All members of the group have already made their decisions. 这里,all members是指示对象(先行项),所以其后的代词选用their。关于代词单、复数形式的选择,我们还需要注意以下几点:
1. 先行项为every-,some-等复合词时:语法一致原则,代词一般用单数:
Anybody can come here if he is interested.
注:当先行项为everybody,everyone时,代词一般用复数更为自然。
Everyone was clapping their hands.
当先行项为everything,anything,something,nothing时,代词用单数。
Everything in the bag is broken, isn’t it?
2. 先行项为并列结构时:意义一致原则。
My friend and roommate has done well in her exam, so she is happy now.
My friend and roommate have agreed to lend their bikes to me.
3. 先行项为集体名词时:意义一致原则。
The team has won its first game.
The team are now preparing themselves for the next game.
3. 先行项为“...+each”时:
若each在动词后,代词则为单数:They had each his own problem.
若each在动词前,代词则为复数:They each had their problems.