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牛津实用英语语法 310 间接引语中的虚拟过去时

分类: 英语学习方法 

A 虚拟过去时如位于wish,would rather/sooner和it is time等

之后,在间接引语中保持不变:

‘we wish we didn′t have to take exams,’said the children.

孩子们说:“我们不考试就好了。”相当于:

The children said they wished they didn′t have to take exams.

孩子们说他们不考试就好了。

‘Bill wants to go alone,’said Ann,‘but I′d rather he went with a group.

“比尔想一个人去,”安说,“但是我宁愿他跟一大群人一起去。”相当于:

Ann said that Bill wanted to go alone but that she′d rather he went with a group

安说比尔想一个人去,但她宁愿他跟一大群人一起去。

It′s time we began planning our holidays,’he said.

他说:“我们该开始计划我们休假的事了。”相当于:

He said that it was time they began planning their holidays.

他说他们该开始计划他们休假的事了。

B I/he/she/we/they had better在间接引语里保持不变。 you had better可以保持不变,或者用advise+宾语+不定式结构进行转述(参见第120节):

‘The children had better go to bed early,’said Tom.

汤姆说:“孩子们最好早点睡觉。”相当于:

Tom said that the children had better go to bed early.

汤姆说孩子们最好早睡觉。

‘You′d better not drink the water,’she said.

她说:“你最好不要喝这水。”相当于:

She advised/warned us not to drink the water.

她劝告(或告诫)我们不要喝这水。

C 条件句类型2和类型3在间接引语里保持不变(参见第229节):

‘If my children were older I would emigrate,’he said.

他说:“如果我的孩子们再大点的话,我就会移居国外。”相当于:

He said that if his children were older he would emigrate.

他说如果他的孩子们再大点的话他就会移居国外。

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