二、 诉讼法律
案件 case
案件发回 remand/rimit a case (to a low court)
案件名称 title of a case
案卷材料 materials in the case
案情陈述书 statement of case
案外人 person other than involved in the case
案值 total value involved in the case
败诉方 losing party
办案人员 personnel handling a case
保全措施申请书 application for protective measures
报案 report a case (to security authorities)
被告 defendant; the accused
被告人最后陈述 final statement of the accused
被告向原告第二次答辩 rejoinder
被害人 victim
被害人的诉讼代理人 victim’s agent ad litem
被上诉人 respondent; the appellee
被申请人 respondent
被申请执行人 party against whom execution is filed
被执行人 person subject to enforcement
本诉 principal action
必要共同诉讼人 party in necessary co-litigation
变通管辖 jurisdiction by accord
辩护 defense
辩护律师 defense attorney/lawyer
辩护人 defender
辩护证据 exculpatory evidence; defense evidence
辩论阶段 stage of court debate
驳回反诉 dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim  
驳回请求 deny/dismiss a motion
驳回上诉、维持原判 reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling
驳回诉讼 dismiss an action/suit
驳回通知书 notice of dismissal  
驳回自诉 dismiss/reject a private prosecution
驳回自诉裁定书 ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case
补充答辩 supplementary answer
补充判决 supplementary judgement
补充侦查 supplementary investigation
不公开审理 trial in camera
不立案决定书 written decision of no case-filing
不批准逮捕决定书 written decision of disapproving an arrest
不起诉 nol pros
不予受理起诉通知书 notice of dismissal of accusation by the court
财产保全申请书 application for attachment; application for property preservation
裁定 order; determination (指最终裁定)
裁定管辖 jurisdiction by order
裁定书 order; ruling
裁决书 award
采信的证据 admitted evidence
查封 seal up
撤回上诉 withdraw appeal
撤诉 withdraw a lawsuit
撤销立案 revoke a case placed on file
撤销原判，发回重审 rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial
出示的证据 exhibit
除权判决 invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments)
传唤 summon; call
传闻证据 hearsay
答辩 answer; reply
答辩陈述书 statement of defence
答辩状 answer; reply
大法官 associate justices; justice
大检察官 deputy chief procurator
代理控告 agency for accusation
代理申诉 agency for appeal  
代理审判员 acting judge
代为申请取保候审 agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving
弹劾式诉讼 accusatory procedure
当事人陈述 statement of the parties
当庭宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court
地区管辖 territorial jurisdiction
地区检察分院 inter-mediate People’s Procuratorate
第三人 third party
调查笔录 record of investigation
定期宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date
定罪证据 incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence
冻结 freeze
督促程序 procedure of supervision and urge
独任庭 sole-judge bench
独任仲裁员 sole arbitrator
对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施 compulsory measures against impairment of civil action
对席判决 judgement inter parties
二审 trial of second instance
二审案件 case of trial of second insurance
罚款 impose a fine
法定证据 statutory legal evidence
法定证据制度 system of legal evidence
法官 judges
法警 bailiff; court police
法律文书 legal instruments/papers
法律援助 legal aid
法律咨询 legal consulting
法庭辩论 court debate
法庭调查 court investigation
法庭审理笔录 court record
法庭审理方式 mode of court trial  
法庭庭长 chief judge of a tribunal
法院 court
法院公告 court announcement
反诉 counterclaim
反诉答辩状 answer with counterclaim
反诉状 counterclaim
犯罪嫌疑人 criminal suspect
附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action
附带民事诉讼被告 defendant of collateral civil action
复查 reexamination; recheck
复验 reinspect
高级法官 senior judge
高级检察官 senior procurator
高级人民法院 Higher People’s Court
告诉案件 case of complaint
告诉才处理的案件 case accepted at complaint
告诉申诉庭 complaint and petition division
工读学校 work-study school for delinquent children
公安部 Ministry of Public Security
公安分局 public security sub-bureau
公安厅 public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government
公开审理 trial in public
公开审判制度 open trial system  
公示催告程序 procedure of public summons for exhortation
公诉案件 public-prosecuting case
公诉词 statement of public prosecution
公证机关 public notary office
共同管辖 concurrent jurisdiction
管辖 jurisdiction
国际司法协助 international judicial assistance
海事法院 maritime court
合议庭 collegial panel
合议庭评议笔录 record of deliberating by the collegiate bench
和解 composition; compromise
核对诉讼当事人身份 check identity of litigious parties
恢复执行 resumption of execution
回避 withdrawal
混合式诉讼 mixed action
基层人民法院 basic People’s Court
羁押期限 term in custody
级别管辖 subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels
监视居住 living at home under surveillance
监狱 prison
检察官 procurator
检察权 prosecutorial power
检察委员会 procuratorial/prosecutorial committee
检察院 procuratorate
检察院派出机构 outpost tribunal of procuratorate
简易程序 summary procedure
鉴定结论 expert conclusion
经济审判庭 economic tribunal
径行判决 direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice
纠问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings
拘传 summon by force; summon by warrant
拘留所 detention house
举报 information/report of an offence
举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi
决定书 decision
军事法院 military procuratorate
开庭审理 open a court session
开庭通知 notice of court session
勘验笔录 record of inquest
看守所 detention house
可执行财产 executable property
控告式诉讼 accusatory proceedings
控诉证据 incriminating evidence
控诉职能 accusation function
扣押 distrain on; attachment
扣押物 distress/distraint
宽限期 period of grace
劳动争议仲裁申请书 petition for labor dispute arbitration
劳改场 reform-through-labor farm
劳教所 reeducation-through-labor office
类推判决的核准程序 procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence
累积证据 cumulative evidence
立案报告 place a case on file
立案管辖 functional jurisdiction
立案决定书 written decision of case-filing
立案侦查 report of placing a case on file
利害关系人 interested party
临时裁决书 interim award
律师见证书 lawyer’s written attestation; lawyer’s written authentication
律师事务所 law office; law firm
律师提前介入 prior intervention by lawyer
免于刑事处分 exemption from criminal penalty
民事案件 civil case
民事审判庭 civil tribunal  
民事诉讼 civil action
民事诉讼法 Civil Procedural Law
扭送 seize and deliver a suspect to the police
派出法庭 detached tribunal  
派出所 police station
判决 judgement; determination
判决书 judgement; determination; verdict (指陪审团作出的)
旁证 circumstantial evidence
陪审员 juror
批准逮捕 approval of arrest
破案 clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case
破产 bankruptcy; insolvency
普通程序 general/ordinary procedure
普通管辖 general jurisdiction
企业法人破产还债程序 procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation
起诉 filing of a lawsuit
起诉 sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings
起诉状 indictment; information
区县检察院 grassroots People’s Procuratorate
取保候审 the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving
缺席判决 default judgement
人民调解委员会 People’s Mediation Committee
认定财产无主案件 cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless
认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity
上诉 appeal
上诉人 appellant
上诉状 petition for appeal
少管所 juvenile prison
社会治安综合治理 comprehensive treatment of social security
涉外案件 cases involving foreign interests
涉外民事诉讼 foreign civil proceedings
涉外刑事诉讼 foreign criminal proceedings
申请人 applicant; petitioner
申请书 petition; application for arbitration
申请执行人 execution applicant
申诉人宣誓书 claimant’s affidavit of authenticity
申诉书 appeal for revision; petition for revision
神示证据制度 system of divinity evidence
神示制度 ordeal system
审查案件 case review
审查并决定逮捕 examine and decide arrest
审查起诉阶段 stage of review and prosecution
审理通知书 notice of hearing
审判长 presiding judge
审判长宣布开庭 presiding judge announce court in session
审判管辖 adjudgement/trial jurisdiction
审判监督程序 procedure for trial supervision
审判委员会 judicial committee
审判员 judge
审问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings
生效判决裁定 legally effective judgement/order
胜诉方 winning party
省市自治区检察院 higher People’s Procuratorate
失踪和死亡宣告 declaration of disappearance and death
实（质）体证据 substantial evidence
实物证据 tangible evidence
实在证据 real evidence
示意证据 demonstrative evidence
视听证据 audio-visual evidence
收容所 collecting post; safe retreat
首席大法官 chief justice
首席检察官 chief procurator
受害人的近亲属 victim’s immediate family
受理 acceptance
受理刑事案件审批表 registration form of acceptance of criminal case
受送达人 the addressee
书记员 court clerk
书记员宣读法庭纪律 court clerk reads court rules
书证 documentary evidence
司法部 Ministry of Justice
司法机关 judicial organizatons
司法警察 judicial police
司法局 judicial bureau
司法厅 judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government
司法协助 judicial assistance
死缓的复核 judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve
死刑复核程序 procedure for judicial review of death sentence
死刑复核权 competence for judicial review of death sentence
送达 service of process
送达传票 service of summons/subpoena
送达诉状 service of bill of complaint
搜查 search
诉 sue; suit; action; lawsuit
诉前财产保全 property attachment prior to lawsuit
诉讼 litigation; lawsuit; sue; action
诉讼保全 attachment
诉讼参加人 litigious participants
诉讼代理人 agent ad litem
诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim
特别程序 special procedures
提起公诉 institute a public prosecution
铁路法院 railway court
铁路检察院 railroad transport procuratorate
庭审程序 procedure of court trial
通缉 wanted for arrest
投案 appearance
退回补充侦查 return of a case for supplementary investigation
委托辩护 entrusted defense
未成年人法庭 juvenile court
无行政职务的法官 associate judge
无正当理由拒不到庭 refuse to appear in court without due cause
无罪判决 acquittal, finding of “ not guilty ”
物证 material evidence
先予执行申请书 application for advanced execution
先予执行 advanced execution
刑事案件 criminal case
刑事拘留 criminal detention
刑事强制拘留 criminal coercive/compulsory measures
刑事审判庭 criminal tribunal  
刑事诉讼 criminal proceedings
刑事诉讼法 Criminal Procedural Law
刑事自诉状 self-incriminating criminal complaint
行政案件 administrative case
行政审判庭 administrative tribunal  
行政诉讼 administrative proceedings
行政诉讼法 Administrative Procedural Law
宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件 cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death
宣判笔录 record of rendition of judgement
选民资格案件 cases concerning qualifications of voters
询问证人 inquire/question a witness
训诫 reprimand
讯问笔录 record of interrogation
询问犯罪嫌疑人 interrogate criminal suspect
言词证据 verbal evidence
要求传唤证人申请书 application for subpoena
一裁终局 arbitration award shall be final and binding
一审 trial of first instance
一审案件 case of trial of first instance
应诉通知书 notice of respondence to action
有罪判决 sentence; finding of “guilty”
予审 preliminary examinantion; pretrial  
原告 plaintiff
院长 court president
阅卷笔录 record of file review (by lawyers)
再审案件 case of retrial  
再审申请书 petition for retrial  
责令具结悔过 order to sign a statement of repentance
债权人会议 creditors’ meeting
侦查阶段 investigation stage
侦查终结 conclusion of investigation
征询原、被告最后意见 consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant
证据 evidence
证据保全 preserve evidence
证据保全申请书 application for evidence preservation
证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit
支付令 payment order/warrant
知识产权庭 intellectual property tribunal
执行程序 procedure execution
执行逮捕 execution of arrest
执行和解 conciliation of execution
执行回转 recovery of execution
执行庭 executive tribunal  
执行异议 objection to execution
执行员 executor
执行中止 discontinuance of execution
执行终结 conclusion of execution
指定辩护 appointed defense
指定仲裁员声明 statement of appointing arbitrator
中级人民法院 intermediate People’s Court
中途退庭 retreat during court session without permission
仲裁 arbitration
仲裁被诉人 respondent; defendant
仲裁裁决 award
仲裁申请书 arbitration
仲裁申诉人 claimant; plaintiff
仲裁庭 arbitration tribunal  
仲裁委员会 arbitration committee
仲裁协议 arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration
仲裁员 arbitrator
主诉检察官 principal procurator
助理检察官 assistant procurator
助理审判员 assistant judge
专门法院 special court
专门管辖 specific jurisdiction
专属管辖 exclusive jurisdiction
追究刑事责任 investigate for criminal responsibility
自首 confession to justice
自诉案件 private-prosecuting case
自行辩护 self-defense
自由心证制度 doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence
自侦案件 self-investigating case
最高人民法院 the Supreme People’s Court
最高人民检察院 the Supreme People’s Procuratorate
最后裁决书 final award