提高经济效益 improve economic performance； increase economic returns

讲求社会效益 value contribution to society； pay attention to social effect

加速国民经济信息化 develop information-based economy accelerate IT application in economy

拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth

利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery

费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes

债转股 debt-to-equity swap

头寸宽裕（头寸紧缺） in an easy position （tight position）

朝阳产业 sunrise industry

招标投标制 the system of public bidding for project

充分发挥货币政策的作用 give full play to the role of monetary policy

实施积极的财政政策 follow a pro-active fiscal policy

向银行增发国债，扩大投资 The government issued additional treasury bonds to banks to increase investment.

再注资 recapitalization

放松银根 to ease monetary policy

信息经济 IT economy

外向型经济 export-oriented economy

信息时代 information age

全球化 globalization （全球性globality）

信誉风险 reputational risk

风险评级 risk rating

到期不还贷 default on a loan

资不抵债 insolvency； be insolvent

亚洲金融危机 Asian financial crisis （1997-98）

投资（贷款）组合 investment （loan） portfolio

外汇储备充足 sufficient foreign exchange reserves

中国金融业问题 problems with financial sector in China

储蓄比例过高 the excessively large proportion of savings in the money supply

国有企业产负债率过高 high leverage ratio of the state-owned enterprises，

国有独资商业银行不良资产比例过高 high ratio of non-performing loans of the state commercial banks