经贸管理英文词汇
分类: 外贸英语
时间: 2023-12-07 08:18:42
（M0）money in circulation 流通中的现金
（M1） narrow money 狭义货币
（M2） broad money 广义货币
a minimum living standard system 最低生活保障系统
Account 帐户
Accounting equation 会计等式
Accounting system 会计系统
All Risks 一切险
American Accounting Association 美国会计协会
American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会
Articulation 勾稽关系
Assets 资产
Audit 审计
bad account 坏帐
Balance sheet 资产负债表
bear market 熊市
blank endorsed 空白背书
Bookkeepking 簿记
bull market 牛市
Business entity 企业个体
Capital stock 股本
cargo receipt 承运货物收据
Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测
catalogue 商品目录
Certificate in Internal Auditing内部审计证书
Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书
Certificate Public Accountant 注册会计师
China Securities Regulatory Commission 中国证监会
China's "Big Four" commercial banks中国四大商业银行
close-ended fund 封闭式基金
commission 佣金
consignee 收货人
Corporation 公司
Cost accounting 成本会计
cost and freightCFR 成本加运费价格
cost insurance and freightCIF 成本加运保费
Cost principle 成本原则
Creditor 债权人
cut a melon 分红
dead account 呆帐
Deflation 通货紧缩
delivery 交货
Disclosure 批露
dividend，bonus stock 股息，红利
downturn 低迷时期
endorsed 背书
enforce stockholding system 实行股份制
Expenses 费用
export department 出口部
External users 外部使用者
F.P.A.(Free from Particular Average) 平安险
F.W.R.D.(Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险
face value 面值
fees－for－tax reFORM 费改税
Financial accounting 财务会计
Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会
Financial activities 筹资活动
Financial forecast 财务预测
Financial statement 财务报表
foreign exchange reservers 外汇储备
futures market 期货市场
Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则
General-purpose inFORMation 通用目的信息
genetically－modified products 基因改良产品
Going-concern assumption 持续经营假设
Government Accounting Office govern会计办公室
Hook Damage 钩损险
import department 进口部
Income statement 损益表
income tax 所得税
indicative price 参考价格
Inflation 通货膨涨
Inquiry 询盘
Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会
Institute of Management Accountants管理会计师协会
Integrity 整合性
Internal auditing 内部审计
Internal control structure 内部控制结构
Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署
Internal users 内部使用者
Investing activities 投资活动
knowledge-based economy 知识经济
labour-intensive economy 劳动密集型经济
Liabilities 负债
Management accounting 管理会计
marine bills of lading 海运提单
national bonds 国债
nationalize；nationalization 国有化
Negative cash flow 负现金流量
non-perFORMing loan 不良贷款
non-work income 非劳动收入
notify 被通知人
open-ended fund 开放式基金
Operating activities 经营活动
order 订货
outstanding of deposits 存款余额
Owner's equity 所有者权益
partial shipment 分批装运
Partnership 合伙企业
Positive cash flow 正现金流量
press conference 记者招待会
price list 价目表
privatize；privatization 私有化
proactive fiscal measures 积极的财政政策
promote independent decision－making by state－owned enterprises 提高企业自主权
public relations department公关部
publicly owned economy 公有经济
recession 衰退时期
rectify the market order 整顿市场秩序
reduce state's stake in listed companies 国有股减持
restraint of trade 贸易管制
Retained earning 留存利润
Return of investment 投资回报
Return on investment 投资报酬
Revenue 收入#p#
Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险
Risk of Leakage 渗漏险
Risk of odor 串味险
Risk of Rust 锈蚀险
sales terms and conditions销售条件
Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会
shareholding system; joint-stock system 股份制
shipping order 托运单
Shortage Risk 短缺险
Sole proprietorship 独资企业
Solvency 清偿能力
specification 规格
Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设
state stock reduction 国有股减持
Statement of cash flow 现金流量表
Statement of financial position 财务状况表
steady monetary policies 稳健的货币政策
Stockholders 股东
Stockholders' equity 股东权益
streghten the government's macro - regulatory functions 加强govern宏观调控作用
Strikes Risk 罢工险
T.P.N.D.( Theft,Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险
Tax accounting 税务会计
technology-intensive economy 技术密集型经济
the Dow Jones industrial average 道琼斯工业平均指数
the first majority shareholder 第一大股东
the Hang Seng index 恒生指数
thin trade 交易薄弱
to become the majority shareholder/to take a controlling stake 控股
to expand domestic demand 扩大内需
value-added tax 增值税
W.A./W.P.A(With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险
War Risk 战争险
Window dressing 门面粉饰
year-on-year 与去年同期数字相比的
bull market: 牛市， 多头市场
bear market :熊市， 空头市场
股息，红利 dividend or bonus stock
国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product)
人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP
产值 output value
鼓励 give incentive to
投入 input
宏观控制 exercise macro-control
优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure
输入活力 bring vigor into
改善经济环境 improve economic environment
整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order
有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation
非公有成分 non-public sectors
主要成分 dominant sector
实在的 tangible
全体会议 plenary session
解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces
引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley
举措 move
实事求是 seek truth from facts
引进、输入 importation
和平演变 peaceful evolution
试一下 have a go (at sth.)
精华、精粹、实质 quintessence
家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system
搞活企业 invigorate enterprises
商品经济 commodity economy
基石 cornerstone
零售 retail
发电量 electric energy production
有色金属 nonferrous metals
人均收入 per capita income
使负担 be saddled with
营业发达的公司 going concerns
被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business
善于接受的 receptive
增额、增值、增长 increment
发展过快 excessive growth
抽样调查 data from the sample survey
扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted(excluded)
实际增长率 actual growth rate
国际收支 international balance of payments
流通制度 circulation system
总工资 total wages
分配形式 FORMs of distribution
风险资金 risk funds
管理不善 poor management
一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points
以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则（1）社会主义道路（2）党的领导（3）人民民主专政（4）马列主义***思想、坚持改革开放
the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal principles - adherence to the socialist road, to Communist Party leadership, to the people's democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought - and persisting in reFORM and opening.
改革是"社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展"。
ReFORM is "the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system."
我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。
The criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist country, and whether it brings about better living standards.
社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。
The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the elimination of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final achievement of common prosperity.
要人们警惕右和"左"的影响，特别是"左"的根深蒂固的影响。
to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the "Left" deviations, particularly of the deep-rooted "Left" influence.
中国要警惕右，但更要防"左"。
China needs to be vigilant against the Right deviation, but primarily, it should guard against the "Left"deviation.
资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。
Socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market economy.
随着改革的深化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节的范围将会扩大。
As the reFORM further develops, the scope for mandatory state plans will be narrowed, while the scope for market forces will be enlarged.
初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。
to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.
各尽所能，按劳/需分配。
from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.
经济结构改革。
reFORM in economic structure
剩余劳动力。
surplus labor
经营机制
operative mechanism
发挥市场的调节作用
to give play to the regulatory role of the market
经济和law的杠杆
economic and legal leverages
经济计划和市场调节相结合
to combine economic planning with market regulation
计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制
a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation
取消国家对农产品的统购统销
to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products
改革重点转移到城市#p#
the focus of reFORM is shifted to the cities
国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设
The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.
逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。
to modernize the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.
社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。
The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.
国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。
The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy.
国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。
The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.
农业 farming
林业 forestry
畜牧业 animal husbandry
副业 sideline production
渔业 fishing
第一产业 primary industry
第二产业 secondary industry
第三产业 tertiary industry
生产资料 means of production
生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence
生产关系 relations of production
生产力 productive forces
公有制 public ownership
私有制 private ownership
全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people
社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership
厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste
外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise
合资企业 joint venture
合作企业 cooperative enterprise
独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise
世界贸易组织 World Trade Organization
中国人民银行 People's Bank of China
信息产业部 Ministry of InFORMation Industry
国家发展计划委员会 State Development Planning Commission
贷款无力偿还 loan defaults
船务公司 shipping service company
非商标(非专利)产品 generic products
稳健的货币政策 prudent monetary policy
超前消费 deficit spending
(到银行)挤兑 run on banks
对农业的国内支持 domestic support to agriculture
特种债券 special bonds
富裕经济 economy of abundance
年复合增长率 CAGA (compound annual growth average)
动物源性蛋白 Animal-based protein
转基因组织 GMO (genetically modified organism)
视频点播 VOD (video-on-demand)
音频点播 AOD (audio-on-demand)
市场准人的行政管理措施 AAMA： Administrative Aspects of Market Access
亚太工商咨询理事会 ABAC： APEC Business Advisory Council
亚太商业论坛 ABF：APEC Business Forum
亚太通讯与数据系统 ACDS：APEC Communications and Database System
亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心 ACTETSME：APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprises
亚洲开发银行 ADB: Asian Development Bank
亚太经合组织经济领导人会议 AELM： APEC Economic Leaders Meeting
东盟自由贸易区 AFTA：ASEAN Free Trade Area
亚太经合组织部长级会议 AMM：APEC MinisteriaI Meeting
澳新紧密经济关系协定 ANZCERTA：Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement
亚太商业网络 APB-Net：Asia-Pacific Business Network
亚太经济合作组织 APEC：Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
亚太能源研究中心 APERC：Asia Pacific Energy Research Center
亚太信息基础设施 APII：Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure
亚太实验室认可合作 APLAC：Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation
亚太法定计量论坛 APLMF：Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum
亚太计量程序 APMP：Asia Pacific Metrology Program
东南亚国家联盟 ASEAN：Association of South-East Asian Nations
亚欧会议 ASEM：Asia-Europe Meeting
农业技术合作 ATC：Agricultural Technical Cooperation
中央处理器 CPU(Central Processing Unit)
计算机辅助设计 CAD(Computer-Aided Design)
互联网普及率 Internet Penetration
网民 Cyber Citizen
网络犯罪 Cyber Crime
网络城市, 虚拟城市 Cyber City
数字鸿沟 Digital Divide
智能学校 Smart Schools
多功能卡 Multipurpose Card
软件开发 Software Development
内容开发 Content Development
数字化商业 Digital Business
信息化 Informationization, Network-based Information Flow
软件包 Software Packages
申请注册域名 Domain Name Application and Registration
虚拟空间 Virtual Space
局域网 Intranet
脑图 Mind Map
便携式电脑 Portable Computer; Laptop; Notebook Computer
个人数字助理 PDA---Personal Digital Assistant
掌上电脑 Palm Computer
路由器 Router
网络管理员 Network Administrator
网络经济 Cyber Economy
以太网 Ethernet #p#
服务提供者 ISP-Internet Service Provider
网络计算机 NC: Network Computer
多媒体个人电脑 MPC: Multimedia Personal Computer
多媒体扩展 MMX: 是MultiMedia eXtensions
兆赫 MHz Mega Hertz
视频图形阵列 VGA:Video Graphics Array
三维摄影室 3D Studio: Three Dimension Studio
虚拟现实 VR：Virtual Reality
原始设备制造商 OEM：Original Equipment Manufacturer
即插即用 PNP：Plug and Play
乐器数字接口 MIDI：Musical Instrument Digital Interface
运动图像专家组 MPEG:Motion Picture Experts Group
域名 Domain Name
拨号连接 Dial-up Connection
海关类
Customs Bond 海关担保
Surety Company 担保公司
Principle 本人
Carrier 承运人
Attorney 代理人/委托人
Freight Forwarder 货运代理
Jointly and Severally Liable For 负连带责任
Liquidated Damages 违约赔偿金
Solvency 偿付能力
Security 抵押品/保证金
Power of Attorney 委托书
Make a Complete Entry 正式/完整申报
CFR(Code of Federal Regulations) 美国联邦政府行政法规汇编
Bill of Lading 提单
Condemned Goods 有问题的货物
Customs Liquidation 清关
Customs Clearance 结关
Court Costs 诉讼费用
Disposition of Merchandise 货物处置
债转股 debt-to-equity swap
港元的联系汇率制 the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar
坏帐、呆帐、死帐 bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan
反倾销措施 anti-dumping measures against ……
通货紧缩 deflation
通货膨胀 inflation
非配额产品 quota-free products
非生产性投资 investment in non-productive projects
风险管理/评估 risk management/ assessment
风险基金 venture capital
风险准备金 loan loss provision/ provisions of risk
搞活国有大中型企业 revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises
规模经济 scale economy/ economies of scale
国合企业（即国有合作社） state-owned cooperatives
国际收支 balance of international payments/ balance of payment
国际收支不平衡 disequilibrium of balance of payment
国家补贴 public subsidies
国家现汇结存 state foreign exchange reserves
合理引导消费 guide rational consumption
季节性调价 seasonal price adjustments
既成事实 established/accomplished facts
技工贸结合的科技型企业 scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development
劳动密集性企业 labor-intensive enterprises
乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises
千年问题、千年虫 millennium bug
企业技术改造 technological updating of enterprises
企业亏损补贴 subsidies to cover enterprise losses
实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to
平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针 pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity andmutual development
瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions
皮包公司 flying-by-night company; bogus company
放松银根 ease monetary policy
流动人口 floating population
企业的自我约束机制 self-regulating mechanism of enterprises
贪图安逸 crave comfort and pleasure
消费膨胀 inflated consumption
信息化 informationize
无氟冰箱 freon-free refrigerator
无纸交易 paperless transaction
适销对路的产品 readily marketable products
倒爷 profiteer
机构臃肿 overstaffing in (government) organizations
机构重叠 organizational overlapping
利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery
经常性的财政收入 regular revenues
慢性萧条 chronic depression
双重轨制 two-tier system / double-track system
就业前培训 pre-job training
岗位培训 on-the-job training
对外项目承包 foreign project contracting
劳务合作 labor service cooperation
外援方式 modality of foreign aid
自1999年1月1日起实行 come into official enforcement as of January 1, 1999
所有制形式 forms of ownership
以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制度 implement an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis
风险管理/评估 risk management/ assessment
国家鼓励项目 projects listed as encouraged by the state
<<中华人民共和国保护台湾同胞投资实施条例>> Implementation Rules of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Investments by Compatriots from Taiwan
部长级会议 ministerial meeting
公正合理 equitable and rational
抢得先机 take the preemptive opportunities
减免债务 reduce and cancel debts
工程项目 engineering project
同步增长 increase in the same pace
摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响 shake off the impact of the financial crisis
走上良性发展的轨道 going on the track of sound progress
工业增加值 industrial added value
固定资产投资 investment in the fixed assets
建材 building materials
累计实现顺差143.4美元 accumulatively realizing trade surplus
注入新的生机与活力 bring new vigor and vitality into
配件 accessories
备件 spare parts
进口环节税 import linkage tax
营业税 turnover tax
企业所得税 corporate income tax
抵免 offset
省会 provincial capital
直辖市 municipality directly under the central government
龙头产品 flagship product
现代企业制度 modern corporate system
实行股份制 enforce stockholding system
控股公司 holding company
自主经营,自负盈亏 responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses
在巩固公有制主体地位的同时,促进多种所有制经济共同发展 alongside fortifying the status of the public ownership as the mainstay, it is also encouraged to witness common development of different systems of ownership
形成统一、开放和竞争有序的市场 establish an unified, open market with orderly competition
国家科技创新体系 State Scientific and Technological Innovation System
帮助人才脱颖而出 help excellent talents find way to distinction
清理、修订 screen and modify
水利 water conservation
转化经营机制 change the method of operation
中介服务组织 intermediary service organization
军民两用品出口 dual purpose exports
军民两用产品和技术 dual-use goods and technology
北美自由贸易区 NAFTA North American Free Trade Area
全球配额 global quota
祖父条款 grandfather clause
动物源食品 Animal-derived food
部门提前自愿自由化 EVSL (Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization)
贸易和投资自由化和便利化 TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation)
国际清算 international settlement
商住和公益设施建设 commercial, residential and public utility construction
广开就业门路 increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every possible way; open up more channels of employment
自由浮动汇率 free floating exchange rate; variable exchange rate
资本项目 capital account
经常项目 current account
求同存异 overcome differences and seek common ground
防伪标志 anti-fake label
出口创汇型产业 export-oriented industry
盘活存量资产 revitalize stock assets
竟价投标 competitive bidding
协议投标 negotiated bidding
横向兼并 horizontal merger
垂直兼并 vertical merger
垃圾融资 junk financing
货币市场 money market
申报制度 reporting system; income declaration system
最初谈判权(初谈权) INRs (Initial Negotiating Rights)
(纺织品与服装、农产品)一体化进程 Integration process
国际兽疫组织 International Office of Epizootics
知识产权 IPRs (Intellectual property rights)
国际纺织品服装局 ITCB (International Textile and Clothing Bureau)
产品生命周期分析 LCA (Life Cycle Analysis)
最不发达国家 LDCs (Least-developed countries)
许可费 License fee
同类产品 Like product
当地含量 Local content
市场准入 Market access
专门的营销机构 Market boards
实质损害 Material injury
模式 Modalities
配额调整条款 modulation of quota clause
《蒙特利尔议定书》(有关保护大气臭氧层的多边环境协定) Montreal Protocol
(农业)多功能性 Multifunctionality
(服务贸易)自然人 National Person
国民待遇 National treatment
新议题 New issues
通知义务 Notification obligation
(利益的)丧失和减损 Nullification and impairment
有秩序的市场安排 Orderly market arrangements
(争端解决)专家组 Panel
《巴黎公约》(关于保护工业知识产权的公约) Paris Convention
(《农业协议》中关于反补贴的)和平条款 Peace clause
诸边协议 Plurilateral agreement
(服务贸易)自然人流动 Presence of natural person
生产补贴 Production subsidy
关贸总协定 GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)
世界贸易组织 WTO (World Trade Organization)
乌拉圭回合 Uruguay Round
最惠国贸易地位(待遇) MFN (Most-favored-nation)(Treatment)
争端解决机构 Dispute Settlement Body
《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》 DSU(Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes)
动植物卫生检疫措施 SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standard )
（农产品）综合支持量 AMS (Aggregate Measurement of Support)
(《农产品协议》)特殊保障 SSG (Special Safeguard)
《纺织品与服装协议》 ATC (Agreement on Textiles and Clothing)
《服务贸易总协定》 GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services)
《信息技术协议》 ITA (Information Technology Agreement)
《多种纤维协定》 MFA (Multifibre Agreement)
《北美自由贸易协定》 NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)
东盟自由贸易区 ASEAN Free Trade Area
东部和南部非洲共同市场 COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa)
南方共同市场（或称南锥体共同市场） MERCOSUR (Southern Common Market)
南亚区域合作联盟 SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional cooperation)
贸易与发展委员会 Committee on Trade and Development
贸易与环境委员会 Committee on Trade and Environment
欧洲自由贸易联盟 EFTA (European Free Trade Association)
联合国粮农组织 FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation)
国际贸易中心 ITC (International Trade Center)
国际贸易组织 ITO (International Trade Organization)
国际贸易组织临时委员会 ICITO (Interim Commission for the International Trade Organization)
国际劳工组织 ILO (International Labor Organization)
国际货币基金组织 IMF (International Monetary Fund)
国际标准化组织 ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
经济合作与发展组织 OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)
联合国贸易与发展会议 UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)
联合国开发计划署 UNDP (United Nations Development Program)
联合国环境署 UNEP (United Nations Environment Program)
世界海关组织 WCO (World Customs Organization)
世界知识产权组织 WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization)
非洲、加勒比和太平洋国家集团（洛美协定） ACP(African, Caribbean and Pacific Group)
（补贴协议）可诉补贴 Actionable subsidy
（农产品国内支持）"黄箱"措施 Amber Box measures
(解决争端)上诉 Appeal
上诉机构 Appeal body
《巴塞尔公约》（有关危险废弃物的多边环境协定） Basel Convention
《伯尔尼公约》（有关保护文学和艺术作品版权的公约） Berne Convention
基础税率 Base tariff level
（农产品国内支持）蓝箱措施 BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions
国际收支条款 BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions
既定日程 Built-in agenda
约束水平 Bound level
食品法典委员会 CAC(Codex Alimentarius Commission)
（欧盟）共同农业政策 Common Agriculture Policy
《生物多样性公约》 CBD(Convention on Biological Diversity)
规避 Circumvention
《濒危物种国际贸易公约》 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
（服务贸易）商业存在 Commercial presence
（服务贸易）境外消费 Consumption abroad
（服务贸易）跨境交付 Cross border supply
(解决争端)申诉方 Complaint
(解决争端)被诉方 Defendant
反补贴税 Countervailing duty
反向通知 Counter-notification
交叉报复 Cross retaliation
货币贸易理事会 CTG(Council for Trade in Goods)
货币留成制度 Currency retention scheme
海关完税价值 Customs value
海关估价 Customs valuation
直接支付 Direct payment
国内产业 Domestic industry
国内生产 Domestic production
国内补贴 Domestic subsidy
(农产品)国内支持 Domestic support
电子商务 Electronic Commerce
环保型技术 EST(Environmentally-sound technology)
采取措施前 Ex ante
采取措施后 Ex post
出口实绩 Export performance
出口补贴 Export subsidy
（解决争端）调查结果 Findings
粮食安全 Food security
免费搭车者(享受其他国家最惠国待遇而不进行相应减让的国家) Free-rider
（知识产权）地理标识 Geographical indications
转基因生物 GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms)
政府采购 Government procurement
（农产品国内支持）绿箱措施 Green Box measures
灰色区域措施 Grey area measures
拉美国家在WTO中的非正式集团 GRULAC
WTO最不发达国家高级别会议 HLM (WTO High-level Meeting for LDCs)
协调制度（商品名称及编码协调制度） HS (Harmonized Commodity and Coding System)
《里斯本条约》（有关地理标识及其国际注册） Lisbon Agreement
国际劳工组织 ILO (International Labor Organization)
国际货币基金组织 IMF (International Monetary Fund)
进口押金 Import deposits
进口许可 Import licensing
进口渗透 Import penetration
进口替代 Import substitution
进口附加税 Import surcharge
进口差价税 Import variable duties
（M1） narrow money 狭义货币
（M2） broad money 广义货币
a minimum living standard system 最低生活保障系统
Account 帐户
Accounting equation 会计等式
Accounting system 会计系统
All Risks 一切险
American Accounting Association 美国会计协会
American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会
Articulation 勾稽关系
Assets 资产
Audit 审计
bad account 坏帐
Balance sheet 资产负债表
bear market 熊市
blank endorsed 空白背书
Bookkeepking 簿记
bull market 牛市
Business entity 企业个体
Capital stock 股本
cargo receipt 承运货物收据
Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测
catalogue 商品目录
Certificate in Internal Auditing内部审计证书
Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书
Certificate Public Accountant 注册会计师
China Securities Regulatory Commission 中国证监会
China's "Big Four" commercial banks中国四大商业银行
close-ended fund 封闭式基金
commission 佣金
consignee 收货人
Corporation 公司
Cost accounting 成本会计
cost and freightCFR 成本加运费价格
cost insurance and freightCIF 成本加运保费
Cost principle 成本原则
Creditor 债权人
cut a melon 分红
dead account 呆帐
Deflation 通货紧缩
delivery 交货
Disclosure 批露
dividend，bonus stock 股息，红利
downturn 低迷时期
endorsed 背书
enforce stockholding system 实行股份制
Expenses 费用
export department 出口部
External users 外部使用者
F.P.A.(Free from Particular Average) 平安险
F.W.R.D.(Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险
face value 面值
fees－for－tax reFORM 费改税
Financial accounting 财务会计
Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会
Financial activities 筹资活动
Financial forecast 财务预测
Financial statement 财务报表
foreign exchange reservers 外汇储备
futures market 期货市场
Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则
General-purpose inFORMation 通用目的信息
genetically－modified products 基因改良产品
Going-concern assumption 持续经营假设
Government Accounting Office govern会计办公室
Hook Damage 钩损险
import department 进口部
Income statement 损益表
income tax 所得税
indicative price 参考价格
Inflation 通货膨涨
Inquiry 询盘
Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会
Institute of Management Accountants管理会计师协会
Integrity 整合性
Internal auditing 内部审计
Internal control structure 内部控制结构
Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署
Internal users 内部使用者
Investing activities 投资活动
knowledge-based economy 知识经济
labour-intensive economy 劳动密集型经济
Liabilities 负债
Management accounting 管理会计
marine bills of lading 海运提单
national bonds 国债
nationalize；nationalization 国有化
Negative cash flow 负现金流量
non-perFORMing loan 不良贷款
non-work income 非劳动收入
notify 被通知人
open-ended fund 开放式基金
Operating activities 经营活动
order 订货
outstanding of deposits 存款余额
Owner's equity 所有者权益
partial shipment 分批装运
Partnership 合伙企业
Positive cash flow 正现金流量
press conference 记者招待会
price list 价目表
privatize；privatization 私有化
proactive fiscal measures 积极的财政政策
promote independent decision－making by state－owned enterprises 提高企业自主权
public relations department公关部
publicly owned economy 公有经济
recession 衰退时期
rectify the market order 整顿市场秩序
reduce state's stake in listed companies 国有股减持
restraint of trade 贸易管制
Retained earning 留存利润
Return of investment 投资回报
Return on investment 投资报酬
Revenue 收入#p#
Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险
Risk of Leakage 渗漏险
Risk of odor 串味险
Risk of Rust 锈蚀险
sales terms and conditions销售条件
Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会
shareholding system; joint-stock system 股份制
shipping order 托运单
Shortage Risk 短缺险
Sole proprietorship 独资企业
Solvency 清偿能力
specification 规格
Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设
state stock reduction 国有股减持
Statement of cash flow 现金流量表
Statement of financial position 财务状况表
steady monetary policies 稳健的货币政策
Stockholders 股东
Stockholders' equity 股东权益
streghten the government's macro - regulatory functions 加强govern宏观调控作用
Strikes Risk 罢工险
T.P.N.D.( Theft,Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险
Tax accounting 税务会计
technology-intensive economy 技术密集型经济
the Dow Jones industrial average 道琼斯工业平均指数
the first majority shareholder 第一大股东
the Hang Seng index 恒生指数
thin trade 交易薄弱
to become the majority shareholder/to take a controlling stake 控股
to expand domestic demand 扩大内需
value-added tax 增值税
W.A./W.P.A(With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险
War Risk 战争险
Window dressing 门面粉饰
year-on-year 与去年同期数字相比的
bull market: 牛市， 多头市场
bear market :熊市， 空头市场
股息，红利 dividend or bonus stock
国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product)
人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP
产值 output value
鼓励 give incentive to
投入 input
宏观控制 exercise macro-control
优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure
输入活力 bring vigor into
改善经济环境 improve economic environment
整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order
有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation
非公有成分 non-public sectors
主要成分 dominant sector
实在的 tangible
全体会议 plenary session
解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces
引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley
举措 move
实事求是 seek truth from facts
引进、输入 importation
和平演变 peaceful evolution
试一下 have a go (at sth.)
精华、精粹、实质 quintessence
家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system
搞活企业 invigorate enterprises
商品经济 commodity economy
基石 cornerstone
零售 retail
发电量 electric energy production
有色金属 nonferrous metals
人均收入 per capita income
使负担 be saddled with
营业发达的公司 going concerns
被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business
善于接受的 receptive
增额、增值、增长 increment
发展过快 excessive growth
抽样调查 data from the sample survey
扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted(excluded)
实际增长率 actual growth rate
国际收支 international balance of payments
流通制度 circulation system
总工资 total wages
分配形式 FORMs of distribution
风险资金 risk funds
管理不善 poor management
一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points
以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则（1）社会主义道路（2）党的领导（3）人民民主专政（4）马列主义***思想、坚持改革开放
the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal principles - adherence to the socialist road, to Communist Party leadership, to the people's democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought - and persisting in reFORM and opening.
改革是"社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展"。
ReFORM is "the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system."
我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。
The criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist country, and whether it brings about better living standards.
社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。
The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the elimination of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final achievement of common prosperity.
要人们警惕右和"左"的影响，特别是"左"的根深蒂固的影响。
to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the "Left" deviations, particularly of the deep-rooted "Left" influence.
中国要警惕右，但更要防"左"。
China needs to be vigilant against the Right deviation, but primarily, it should guard against the "Left"deviation.
资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。
Socialism and capitalism are not distinguished by the proportion of planned and market economy.
随着改革的深化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节的范围将会扩大。
As the reFORM further develops, the scope for mandatory state plans will be narrowed, while the scope for market forces will be enlarged.
初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。
to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.
各尽所能，按劳/需分配。
from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.
经济结构改革。
reFORM in economic structure
剩余劳动力。
surplus labor
经营机制
operative mechanism
发挥市场的调节作用
to give play to the regulatory role of the market
经济和law的杠杆
economic and legal leverages
经济计划和市场调节相结合
to combine economic planning with market regulation
计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制
a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation
取消国家对农产品的统购统销
to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products
改革重点转移到城市#p#
the focus of reFORM is shifted to the cities
国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设
The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.
逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。
to modernize the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.
社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。
The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.
国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。
The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy.
国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。
The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.
农业 farming
林业 forestry
畜牧业 animal husbandry
副业 sideline production
渔业 fishing
第一产业 primary industry
第二产业 secondary industry
第三产业 tertiary industry
生产资料 means of production
生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence
生产关系 relations of production
生产力 productive forces
公有制 public ownership
私有制 private ownership
全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people
社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership
厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste
外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise
合资企业 joint venture
合作企业 cooperative enterprise
独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise
世界贸易组织 World Trade Organization
中国人民银行 People's Bank of China
信息产业部 Ministry of InFORMation Industry
国家发展计划委员会 State Development Planning Commission
贷款无力偿还 loan defaults
船务公司 shipping service company
非商标(非专利)产品 generic products
稳健的货币政策 prudent monetary policy
超前消费 deficit spending
(到银行)挤兑 run on banks
对农业的国内支持 domestic support to agriculture
特种债券 special bonds
富裕经济 economy of abundance
年复合增长率 CAGA (compound annual growth average)
动物源性蛋白 Animal-based protein
转基因组织 GMO (genetically modified organism)
视频点播 VOD (video-on-demand)
音频点播 AOD (audio-on-demand)
市场准人的行政管理措施 AAMA： Administrative Aspects of Market Access
亚太工商咨询理事会 ABAC： APEC Business Advisory Council
亚太商业论坛 ABF：APEC Business Forum
亚太通讯与数据系统 ACDS：APEC Communications and Database System
亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心 ACTETSME：APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprises
亚洲开发银行 ADB: Asian Development Bank
亚太经合组织经济领导人会议 AELM： APEC Economic Leaders Meeting
东盟自由贸易区 AFTA：ASEAN Free Trade Area
亚太经合组织部长级会议 AMM：APEC MinisteriaI Meeting
澳新紧密经济关系协定 ANZCERTA：Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement
亚太商业网络 APB-Net：Asia-Pacific Business Network
亚太经济合作组织 APEC：Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
亚太能源研究中心 APERC：Asia Pacific Energy Research Center
亚太信息基础设施 APII：Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure
亚太实验室认可合作 APLAC：Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation
亚太法定计量论坛 APLMF：Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum
亚太计量程序 APMP：Asia Pacific Metrology Program
东南亚国家联盟 ASEAN：Association of South-East Asian Nations
亚欧会议 ASEM：Asia-Europe Meeting
农业技术合作 ATC：Agricultural Technical Cooperation
中央处理器 CPU(Central Processing Unit)
计算机辅助设计 CAD(Computer-Aided Design)
互联网普及率 Internet Penetration
网民 Cyber Citizen
网络犯罪 Cyber Crime
网络城市, 虚拟城市 Cyber City
数字鸿沟 Digital Divide
智能学校 Smart Schools
多功能卡 Multipurpose Card
软件开发 Software Development
内容开发 Content Development
数字化商业 Digital Business
信息化 Informationization, Network-based Information Flow
软件包 Software Packages
申请注册域名 Domain Name Application and Registration
虚拟空间 Virtual Space
局域网 Intranet
脑图 Mind Map
便携式电脑 Portable Computer; Laptop; Notebook Computer
个人数字助理 PDA---Personal Digital Assistant
掌上电脑 Palm Computer
路由器 Router
网络管理员 Network Administrator
网络经济 Cyber Economy
以太网 Ethernet #p#
服务提供者 ISP-Internet Service Provider
网络计算机 NC: Network Computer
多媒体个人电脑 MPC: Multimedia Personal Computer
多媒体扩展 MMX: 是MultiMedia eXtensions
兆赫 MHz Mega Hertz
视频图形阵列 VGA:Video Graphics Array
三维摄影室 3D Studio: Three Dimension Studio
虚拟现实 VR：Virtual Reality
原始设备制造商 OEM：Original Equipment Manufacturer
即插即用 PNP：Plug and Play
乐器数字接口 MIDI：Musical Instrument Digital Interface
运动图像专家组 MPEG:Motion Picture Experts Group
域名 Domain Name
拨号连接 Dial-up Connection
海关类
Customs Bond 海关担保
Surety Company 担保公司
Principle 本人
Carrier 承运人
Attorney 代理人/委托人
Freight Forwarder 货运代理
Jointly and Severally Liable For 负连带责任
Liquidated Damages 违约赔偿金
Solvency 偿付能力
Security 抵押品/保证金
Power of Attorney 委托书
Make a Complete Entry 正式/完整申报
CFR(Code of Federal Regulations) 美国联邦政府行政法规汇编
Bill of Lading 提单
Condemned Goods 有问题的货物
Customs Liquidation 清关
Customs Clearance 结关
Court Costs 诉讼费用
Disposition of Merchandise 货物处置
债转股 debt-to-equity swap
港元的联系汇率制 the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar
坏帐、呆帐、死帐 bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan
反倾销措施 anti-dumping measures against ……
通货紧缩 deflation
通货膨胀 inflation
非配额产品 quota-free products
非生产性投资 investment in non-productive projects
风险管理/评估 risk management/ assessment
风险基金 venture capital
风险准备金 loan loss provision/ provisions of risk
搞活国有大中型企业 revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises
规模经济 scale economy/ economies of scale
国合企业（即国有合作社） state-owned cooperatives
国际收支 balance of international payments/ balance of payment
国际收支不平衡 disequilibrium of balance of payment
国家补贴 public subsidies
国家现汇结存 state foreign exchange reserves
合理引导消费 guide rational consumption
季节性调价 seasonal price adjustments
既成事实 established/accomplished facts
技工贸结合的科技型企业 scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development
劳动密集性企业 labor-intensive enterprises
乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises
千年问题、千年虫 millennium bug
企业技术改造 technological updating of enterprises
企业亏损补贴 subsidies to cover enterprise losses
实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to
平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针 pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity andmutual development
瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions
皮包公司 flying-by-night company; bogus company
放松银根 ease monetary policy
流动人口 floating population
企业的自我约束机制 self-regulating mechanism of enterprises
贪图安逸 crave comfort and pleasure
消费膨胀 inflated consumption
信息化 informationize
无氟冰箱 freon-free refrigerator
无纸交易 paperless transaction
适销对路的产品 readily marketable products
倒爷 profiteer
机构臃肿 overstaffing in (government) organizations
机构重叠 organizational overlapping
利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery
经常性的财政收入 regular revenues
慢性萧条 chronic depression
双重轨制 two-tier system / double-track system
就业前培训 pre-job training
岗位培训 on-the-job training
对外项目承包 foreign project contracting
劳务合作 labor service cooperation
外援方式 modality of foreign aid
自1999年1月1日起实行 come into official enforcement as of January 1, 1999
所有制形式 forms of ownership
以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制度 implement an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis
风险管理/评估 risk management/ assessment
国家鼓励项目 projects listed as encouraged by the state
<<中华人民共和国保护台湾同胞投资实施条例>> Implementation Rules of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Investments by Compatriots from Taiwan
部长级会议 ministerial meeting
公正合理 equitable and rational
抢得先机 take the preemptive opportunities
减免债务 reduce and cancel debts
工程项目 engineering project
同步增长 increase in the same pace
摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响 shake off the impact of the financial crisis
走上良性发展的轨道 going on the track of sound progress
工业增加值 industrial added value
固定资产投资 investment in the fixed assets
建材 building materials
累计实现顺差143.4美元 accumulatively realizing trade surplus
注入新的生机与活力 bring new vigor and vitality into
配件 accessories
备件 spare parts
进口环节税 import linkage tax
营业税 turnover tax
企业所得税 corporate income tax
抵免 offset
省会 provincial capital
直辖市 municipality directly under the central government
龙头产品 flagship product
现代企业制度 modern corporate system
实行股份制 enforce stockholding system
控股公司 holding company
自主经营,自负盈亏 responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses
在巩固公有制主体地位的同时,促进多种所有制经济共同发展 alongside fortifying the status of the public ownership as the mainstay, it is also encouraged to witness common development of different systems of ownership
形成统一、开放和竞争有序的市场 establish an unified, open market with orderly competition
国家科技创新体系 State Scientific and Technological Innovation System
帮助人才脱颖而出 help excellent talents find way to distinction
清理、修订 screen and modify
水利 water conservation
转化经营机制 change the method of operation
中介服务组织 intermediary service organization
军民两用品出口 dual purpose exports
军民两用产品和技术 dual-use goods and technology
北美自由贸易区 NAFTA North American Free Trade Area
全球配额 global quota
祖父条款 grandfather clause
动物源食品 Animal-derived food
部门提前自愿自由化 EVSL (Early Voluntary Sectoral Liberalization)
贸易和投资自由化和便利化 TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation)
国际清算 international settlement
商住和公益设施建设 commercial, residential and public utility construction
广开就业门路 increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every possible way; open up more channels of employment
自由浮动汇率 free floating exchange rate; variable exchange rate
资本项目 capital account
经常项目 current account
求同存异 overcome differences and seek common ground
防伪标志 anti-fake label
出口创汇型产业 export-oriented industry
盘活存量资产 revitalize stock assets
竟价投标 competitive bidding
协议投标 negotiated bidding
横向兼并 horizontal merger
垂直兼并 vertical merger
垃圾融资 junk financing
货币市场 money market
申报制度 reporting system; income declaration system
最初谈判权(初谈权) INRs (Initial Negotiating Rights)
(纺织品与服装、农产品)一体化进程 Integration process
国际兽疫组织 International Office of Epizootics
知识产权 IPRs (Intellectual property rights)
国际纺织品服装局 ITCB (International Textile and Clothing Bureau)
产品生命周期分析 LCA (Life Cycle Analysis)
最不发达国家 LDCs (Least-developed countries)
许可费 License fee
同类产品 Like product
当地含量 Local content
市场准入 Market access
专门的营销机构 Market boards
实质损害 Material injury
模式 Modalities
配额调整条款 modulation of quota clause
《蒙特利尔议定书》(有关保护大气臭氧层的多边环境协定) Montreal Protocol
(农业)多功能性 Multifunctionality
(服务贸易)自然人 National Person
国民待遇 National treatment
新议题 New issues
通知义务 Notification obligation
(利益的)丧失和减损 Nullification and impairment
有秩序的市场安排 Orderly market arrangements
(争端解决)专家组 Panel
《巴黎公约》(关于保护工业知识产权的公约) Paris Convention
(《农业协议》中关于反补贴的)和平条款 Peace clause
诸边协议 Plurilateral agreement
(服务贸易)自然人流动 Presence of natural person
生产补贴 Production subsidy
关贸总协定 GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)
世界贸易组织 WTO (World Trade Organization)
乌拉圭回合 Uruguay Round
最惠国贸易地位(待遇) MFN (Most-favored-nation)(Treatment)
争端解决机构 Dispute Settlement Body
《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》 DSU(Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes)
动植物卫生检疫措施 SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standard )
（农产品）综合支持量 AMS (Aggregate Measurement of Support)
(《农产品协议》)特殊保障 SSG (Special Safeguard)
《纺织品与服装协议》 ATC (Agreement on Textiles and Clothing)
《服务贸易总协定》 GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services)
《信息技术协议》 ITA (Information Technology Agreement)
《多种纤维协定》 MFA (Multifibre Agreement)
《北美自由贸易协定》 NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)
东盟自由贸易区 ASEAN Free Trade Area
东部和南部非洲共同市场 COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa)
南方共同市场（或称南锥体共同市场） MERCOSUR (Southern Common Market)
南亚区域合作联盟 SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional cooperation)
贸易与发展委员会 Committee on Trade and Development
贸易与环境委员会 Committee on Trade and Environment
欧洲自由贸易联盟 EFTA (European Free Trade Association)
联合国粮农组织 FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation)
国际贸易中心 ITC (International Trade Center)
国际贸易组织 ITO (International Trade Organization)
国际贸易组织临时委员会 ICITO (Interim Commission for the International Trade Organization)
国际劳工组织 ILO (International Labor Organization)
国际货币基金组织 IMF (International Monetary Fund)
国际标准化组织 ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
经济合作与发展组织 OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)
联合国贸易与发展会议 UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)
联合国开发计划署 UNDP (United Nations Development Program)
联合国环境署 UNEP (United Nations Environment Program)
世界海关组织 WCO (World Customs Organization)
世界知识产权组织 WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization)
非洲、加勒比和太平洋国家集团（洛美协定） ACP(African, Caribbean and Pacific Group)
（补贴协议）可诉补贴 Actionable subsidy
（农产品国内支持）"黄箱"措施 Amber Box measures
(解决争端)上诉 Appeal
上诉机构 Appeal body
《巴塞尔公约》（有关危险废弃物的多边环境协定） Basel Convention
《伯尔尼公约》（有关保护文学和艺术作品版权的公约） Berne Convention
基础税率 Base tariff level
（农产品国内支持）蓝箱措施 BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions
国际收支条款 BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions
既定日程 Built-in agenda
约束水平 Bound level
食品法典委员会 CAC(Codex Alimentarius Commission)
（欧盟）共同农业政策 Common Agriculture Policy
《生物多样性公约》 CBD(Convention on Biological Diversity)
规避 Circumvention
《濒危物种国际贸易公约》 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
（服务贸易）商业存在 Commercial presence
（服务贸易）境外消费 Consumption abroad
（服务贸易）跨境交付 Cross border supply
(解决争端)申诉方 Complaint
(解决争端)被诉方 Defendant
反补贴税 Countervailing duty
反向通知 Counter-notification
交叉报复 Cross retaliation
货币贸易理事会 CTG(Council for Trade in Goods)
货币留成制度 Currency retention scheme
海关完税价值 Customs value
海关估价 Customs valuation
直接支付 Direct payment
国内产业 Domestic industry
国内生产 Domestic production
国内补贴 Domestic subsidy
(农产品)国内支持 Domestic support
电子商务 Electronic Commerce
环保型技术 EST(Environmentally-sound technology)
采取措施前 Ex ante
采取措施后 Ex post
出口实绩 Export performance
出口补贴 Export subsidy
（解决争端）调查结果 Findings
粮食安全 Food security
免费搭车者(享受其他国家最惠国待遇而不进行相应减让的国家) Free-rider
（知识产权）地理标识 Geographical indications
转基因生物 GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms)
政府采购 Government procurement
（农产品国内支持）绿箱措施 Green Box measures
灰色区域措施 Grey area measures
拉美国家在WTO中的非正式集团 GRULAC
WTO最不发达国家高级别会议 HLM (WTO High-level Meeting for LDCs)
协调制度（商品名称及编码协调制度） HS (Harmonized Commodity and Coding System)
《里斯本条约》（有关地理标识及其国际注册） Lisbon Agreement
国际劳工组织 ILO (International Labor Organization)
国际货币基金组织 IMF (International Monetary Fund)
进口押金 Import deposits
进口许可 Import licensing
进口渗透 Import penetration
进口替代 Import substitution
进口附加税 Import surcharge
进口差价税 Import variable duties
项目管理 Project Management
质量保证 Quality Assurance
质量管理quality control
质量目标quality objective
管理措施management measure
first class quality 一流的质量
first class service 一流的服务
有计划designed
有秩序orderly
程序化的 programmed
规定 stipulation
领导机构Leading organ
项目经理部Project Manager
自检项目self-inspection
职能部门functional department
质量否决权veto on quality
施工方案Construction Plan