binocular hemianopia <Chinese>双眼偏盲

    binocular microscope <Chinese>双目显微镜

    Binswanger disease<Chinese> 宾斯万格病（皮质下脑病）

    biopsy <Chinese>活检

    Biot's respiration <Chinese>比奥呼吸（间歇性呼吸暂停，见于颅内压增高）

    bipolar neuron <Chinese>双极神经元

    bitamporal <Chinese>颞侧

    bitemporal hemianopia <Chinese>颞侧偏盲

    bithionol <Chinese>硫双二氯酚

    black-out syndrome <Chinese>黑蒙综合征

    blackouts <Chinese>黑朦

    bladder <Chinese>膀胱

    blastoneuropore <Chinese>胚神经孔

    blepharoptosis <Chinese>睑下垂

    blepharospasm <Chinese>睑痉挛

    blink reflex <Chinese>瞬目反射

    blink <Chinese>眨眼

    blood-brain barrier <Chinese>血脑屏障

    blood-CSF barrier <Chinese>血脑脊液屏障

    blood-nervus barrier <Chinese>血神经屏障

    Blumenau's nucleus <Chinese>布路门奥核（楔核外侧核）

    Blumenbach's clivus <Chinese>布卢门巴赫斜坡（与枕骨底突相连的蝶骨斜坡）

    Blumenbach's process <Chinese>筛骨钩突

    blurring <Chinese>模糊

    body of lateral ventricle <Chinese>侧脑室体部

    body， corpus， complex <Chinese>体

    Bonnier's syndrome <Chinese>邦尼埃综合征（前庭神经外侧核或前庭束损害）

    Bornholm disease <Chinese>流行性肌痛

    Bourneville's disease <Chinese>结节硬化症

    boutons en passant <Chinese>旁结

    boutons terminaus <Chinese>终结

    bouts <Chinese>发作

    bowel <Chinese>直肠

    boxing encephalopathy <Chinese>拳击员脑炎

    brachcephaly <Chinese>短头

    brachial plexus <Chinese>臂丛

    brachium conjunctivum <Chinese>结合臂

    brachium pontis <Chinese>脑桥臂

    brachium <Chinese>臂

    brachycranic <Chinese>短颅的（颅指数为81.0至84.9）

    bradycardia <Chinese>心动过缓

    bradykinesia <Chinese>运动迟缓

    bradylalia <Chinese>言语迟缓

    bradylexia <Chinese>阅读过慢

    bradylogia <Chinese>言语过慢

    bradyphemia <Chinese>言语过慢

    bradyphrasia <Chinese>迟语症

    bradyphrenia <Chinese>智力迟钝（流行性乙型脑炎）

    bradypragia <Chinese>动作过慢

    brain， encephalon<Chinese> 脑

    Brain's reflex <Chinese>布雷恩反射（当病人采取四足位置时，偏瘫性屈曲上臂伸直）

    brainstem <Chinese>脑干

    briskly <Chinese>活跃

    Brissaud's syndrome <Chinese>交叉性面痉挛偏瘫综合征

    Broca's area <Chinese>布若卡氏区

    Brodmann's areas <Chinese>布劳德曼区（大脑皮层细胞结构分区）

    bromazepam <Chinese>溴基安定

    bromazolam <Chinese>宁神定

    bromocriptine <Chinese>溴隐亭

    Brown-Sequard syndorme <Chinese>脊髓半切综合征

    Brudzinski sign <Chinese>布鲁金斯基征

    Bruns' syndrome <Chinese>布伦斯综合征（第四脑室包囊虫眩晕综合征）

    Budge's center <Chinese>布吉氏中枢

    Buerger disease <Chinese>闭塞性血栓性脉管炎

    bufetolol <Chinese>丁呋心安

    Buiswangen disease <Chinese>缺血性白质脑病

    bulbar paralysis <Chinese>球麻痹

    Burdach's columns <Chinese>布尔达赫柱（脊髓楔束）

    Burdach's fasciculus <Chinese>布尔达赫束（大脑上纵束）

    Burdach's fibers <Chinese>布尔达赫纤维

    Burdach's fissure <Chinese>布尔达赫裂（脑岛外侧面和岛盖内面间裂）

    Burdach's nucleus <Chinese>布尔达赫核（楔束核）

    buspirone <Chinese>丁螺环酮

    cabernous sinus <Chinese>海绵窦

    cacesthesia <Chinese>感觉异常

    cachinntion <Chinese>癔病狂笑

    cafe au lait spots <Chinese>咖啡牛乳色斑

    caffeine <Chinese>咖啡因

    Caffey disease <Chinese>婴儿骨皮质增生症

    Cajal's cells <Chinese>卡哈尔细胞（星形胶质细胞）

    Cajal's double method <Chinese>卡哈尔双重染色法（显示神经节细胞）

    Cajal's method <Chinese>卡哈尔染色法（显示星形胶质细胞）

    calan <Chinese>卡兰

    calcar avis <Chinese>禽距

    calcarine fissure <Chinese>距状裂

    calcified <Chinese>钙化

    Calleja's islets <Chinese>卡耶哈岛（海马回嗅觉小岛）

    callosal suleus <Chinese>胼胝体沟

    callosum<Chinese> 胼胝体

    caloric nystagmus <Chinese>温热性眼球震颤

    caloric test<Chinese>冷热试验

    Canavan disease <Chinese>海绵状脑白质营养不良症candida <Chinese>念珠菌

    canine hysteria <Chinese>犬惊病

    canine spasm <Chinese>痉笑

    caprylhydroxamic acid <Chinese>辛酰氧肟酸capsule <Chinese>囊

    carbamazepine <Chinese>卡马西平

    carbechal <Chinese>氨甲酰胆碱

    carbenicillin <Chinese>羧苄青霉素

    carbidopa <Chinese>卡比多巴

    cardiac plexus <Chinese>心丛

    cardio-accelerating center<Chinese>心加速中枢

    cardio-encephalopathy <Chinese>心性脑病

    cardio-inhibitor center <Chinese>心抑制中枢

    cardioneurosis <Chinese>神经性循环衰弱

    cardioplegia <Chinese>心麻痹