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热射病是什么病

分类: 实用英语 

热射病即重度中暑(heatstroke/sunstroke),表现为:高热(直肠温度≥41℃)、皮肤干燥(dry skin)(早期可以湿润),意识模糊、惊厥(seizure)、甚至无反应,周围循环衰竭或休克,病死率很高。

▌中暑有哪些症状?

An obvious sign is excessive sweating, as well as feeling very hot and unwell with it.

通常表现为大汗淋漓,感觉十分热并引发不适

a headache

头痛

dizziness and confusion

头晕、恍惚

loss of appetite and feeling sick

食欲不振、恶心

cramps in the arms, legs and stomach

手臂、腿和胃抽搐

fast breathing or pulse

呼吸、脉搏加速

a temperature of 38℃ or above

体温达38℃及以上

being very thirsty

非常口渴

▌中暑了应该怎么做?

get them to rest in a cool place - such as a room with air conditioning or somewhere in the shade

转移到凉爽的环境中休息,比如空调房或阴凉处

remove any unnecessary clothing, to expose as much of their skin as possible

脱去多余衣物,尽可能多地暴露皮肤

cool their skin - use whatever you have available, a cool, wet sponge or flannel, spray water, cold packs around the neck and armpits, or wrap them in a cool, wet sheet

皮肤物理降温——用湿的凉海绵或绒布,放置在患者颈侧和腋下周围降温,或者用湿的凉布单包裹

fan their skin while it is moist - this will help the water to evaporate, which will help their skin cool down

若皮肤湿润,可用扇子扇风,加速水分蒸发而降温

get them to drink water - sports or rehydration drinks are fine too

多喝水——运动或补液饮料也可以

▌出现这些症状立即就医:

feeling unwell after 30 minutes of resting in a cool place and drinking plenty of water

在通风阴凉的环境中休息30分钟且大量饮水后,仍感到不适

not sweating even while feeling too hot

觉得很热但不出汗

a temperature of 40C or above

体温达到40℃或以上

fast breathing or shortness of breath

呼吸急促、气喘

feeling confused

神志恍惚

a fit (seizure)

惊厥

loss of consciousness

意识丧失

not responsive

没有反应

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