solar eclipse: 日食
3月29日,阔别多年的日全食再次光临。这次日全食范围很广,在全世界很多地区都能看到。因中国地域偏离全食带,所以29日只有西部一些地区能看到日偏食。当月球绕地球转到太阳和地球中间时,如果太阳、月球、地球三者正好排成或接近一条直线,月球挡住了射到地球上去的太阳光,这时就会发生日食现象。
请看外电相关报道:Shouting, clapping or praising God, awestruck locals and tourists gazed skywards on Ghana's coastline on Wednesday as a total solar eclipse cast a shadow across Africa and tracked on to the Middle East. The shadow of the eclipse, which occurs when the moon passes directly in front of the sun, made landfall on Ghana's coastline at 0908 GMT and moved swiftly inland.
报道中的solar eclipse就是自然奇观“日食”。Solar源于希腊语,指“of,relating to,or proceeding from the sun”(和太阳有关的或从太阳发出的),其相关的表达如:solar calendar(阳历),solar cooker(太阳灶),solar heating system(太阳能加热系统)。
这里主要介绍一下eclipse,由于它指代“天体的部分或全部受其它天体的遮掩而变得晦暗”,我们可以将其引申为“使黯然失色”,用在英语写作或口语表达上会您增色不少。
作名词时,eclipse常和介词in连用,如Fred was in eclipse, exiled to a small post in the south.(弗雷德失势了,被打发到南方去担任一个小差使。)作动词时,如:She is quite eclipsed by her clever younger sister.(在聪明的妹妹面前,她变得黯然失色。)
另外,如果要强调“日全食”可用total solar eclipse来表达;“日偏食”则是partial solar eclipse。