庆祝70周年的胜利:抗日战争术语盘点
爱思英语编者按:随着9月3日“中国人民抗日战争胜利纪念日”的到来,英语翻译圈掀起了一场学习抗日战争术语的热潮。那么你对抗日战争术语了解多少呢?
事变:Incident
重大事件,像“……事变”,英文多用Incident表示,如:
九一八事变
September 18th Incident
七七事变(卢沟桥事变)
July 7th Incident (Lugou Bridge Incident)
会战:Battle of...
“……会战”,这类术语用Battle of...或者Campaign表示, 另外,“大捷”也用battle of...,如:
淞沪会战:Battle of Shanghai
武汉会战:Battle of Wuhan
百团大战:Hundred-Regiment Campaign
平型关大捷
Battle of Pingxingguan; victory atPingxingguan
台儿庄大捷
Battle of Tai’ erzhuang; victory at Tai’erzhuang
战术:warfare
表示战术的,像“持久战、游击战”等,使用warfare,如:
持久战:protracted war
游击战:guerrilla warfare
运动战:mobile warfare
地道战:tunnel warfare
地雷战:landmine warfare
细菌战:germ warfare
化学战:chemical warfare
“……区”:area
“解放区”、“游击区”这类,则用area,很简单啦,如:
解放区:liberated area
游击区:guerrilla area
敌占区(沦陷区)
enemy-occupied area; occupied area
“三光”政策:policy
“三光”政策,即烧光、杀光、抢光。
翻译为:”Three Alls”policy (kill all, burn all, loot all)
扫荡、蚕食,清乡:operation
抗日战争中,日军对中国实施了扫荡、蚕食,清乡政策,这三个表达均为...operation,具体表达如下:
“扫荡”:“mopping-up”operation
“蚕食”:“gnawing-away”operation
“清乡”:“pacification” operation