开挖的英文：
excavation
cutting

参考例句：

ledge excavation
岩石(面)开挖

underground powerhouse excavation
地下厂房开挖

Now that a tunnel has been built through the mountains, the Pass is less dangerous
如今由于在山里开挖了隧道，翻越山口已不那么危险了。

In many projects a small pilot tunnel is driven before the full diameter of the tunnel is excavated.
在许多隧道工程中，都要在隧道全面开挖前打一个导洞。

A small pilot tunnel is driven before the full diameter of the tunnel is excavated in many projects.
在许多隧道工程中，都要在隧道全面开挖前打一个导洞。

They are just over there, on the wall of the highway cut. You see there are some curved layering.
就在那边公路开挖的壁上，你们看那壁上有一些发生弯曲了的层状岩石。

excavation是什么意思：
n. 挖掘，发掘；挖，开凿

A tiny excavation may remain.
会留下一个小洞窟。

The excavation of canals is difficult.
运河的开凿是很困难的事。

In time these new excavations will require conservation.
这些刚发掘出来的物品需要及时保护。

The excavation exposed a staggering number of bronze age artifacts.
这次挖掘使一批数目惊人的青铜时代人工制品重现天日。

They plan to excavate a large hole before putting in the foundations.
他们计划打地基前先挖个大洞。

cutting是什么意思：
n. 切割；开凿；插枝；剪报，剪辑
adj. 锋利的；尖酸刻薄的；严寒的
v. cut的现在分词

That was a cut at me.
那是中伤我的话。

Gasoline cuts oil and grease.
汽油溶解油脂。

She cut a hole in the cloth.
她在布上剪了个洞。

The article is too long, it has to be cut.
这篇文章太长了，要删减。

The alloy cuts tough.
这种合金切起来比较韧。