英语宾语从句:宾语从句讲解+例句习题
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。它是众多从句中的一员,在复合句中作主句谓语动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语。
在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语,如: I know the man.
而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语,如: I know that the man is a policeman.
宾语从句三大块: 1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择; 2. 宾语从句的语序; 3. 宾语从句的时态。
Ⅰ.宾语从句的引导词
1.陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如:
My teacher said I was a good boy.老师说我是个好男孩。
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.
用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:
1. I know …
2. She says …
3. Tell your friend …
(that)
1.This is a book.
2.You like singing.
3.He worked last night.
4.They will go home.
5.Jim has been to Beijing.
6.She sings well.
2.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导,意为“是否”。如:
(1) Is Jim a good student? I don’t know
I don’t know if /whether Jim is a good student.
(2) Does Kate get up early? Do you know?
Do you know if /whether Kate gets up early?
用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:
1.Do you know …
2.I want to know …
3.The teacher asks …
if/whether
1.Is he reading ?
2.Do you get up at six?
3.Does Tom work hard?
4.Did you watch TV ?
5.Will they read books ?
6.Can you sing ?
注意:只能用whether不用if 的三种情况
• 一般情况下,if 和whether可以互换,但以下3种 情况只能用whether:
• ①与or not连用:
He asked me whether or not I was coming. Let me know whether you can come or not.
• ②在介词之后:
It depends on whether it is going to rain. I worry about whether I hurt her feelings
• ③在不定式之前:
We haven’t decided whether to go there. I don’t know whether to accept or refuse.
3.如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,只需用原来的疑问词引导。如:
1.What is she doing? Can you tell me?
Can you tell me what she is doing?
2.Where does she live? Do you know?
aDo you know where she lives?