现在一般时态的定义及用法
现在一般式概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词
基本形式(以do为例):
第三人称单数:does(主语为非第三人称单数);
肯定句:主语+动词原形+其他;
例:He works for us.
否定句:主语+don„t/doesn't+动词原形+其他;
例:He doesn't work for us.
一般疑问句:Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他。
肯定回答:Yes,(+ 主语+do/does).
否定回答:No,(+主语+don't/doesn't.)
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句语
1.Does he work for us?Yes, he does.
No, he doesn't
2.What does he do for us?
He works for us.
用法:
A)表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。
B) 习惯用语。
C) 经常性、习惯性动作。
He always helps others.
他总是帮助别人。
D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意,如果前后文不是一般现在时,则无法保持 主句、从句时态一致。
E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,(仅限于某些表示“来、去、动 、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词 )可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用 。常见的用法是:飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。
The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.
下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。
How often does this shuttle bus run?
这班车多久一趟?
F) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在(有时也用现在完成时)表示将来事情。例:
When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.
等你完成这份报告的时候,我就已经等了将近3个小时了。
现在一般式的用法
1.经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday等。
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
我每天早上7点去上学。
2.客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun.
地球绕着太阳。
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
上海位于中国的东部。
3.表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall.
骄者必败。
注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
4.现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
Xiao Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
小王的英语书面表达能力比口语好。
一般现在式习题
一、 单选
1 Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.
A work works B works work C work are working D is working work
2 One of the boys_____ a black hat.
A have B there is C there are D has
3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.
A don't rain Bdidn't rain Cdoesn't rain Disn't rain
4 He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.
A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets
5 Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.
A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ;
listen
6 Jenny____ English every evening.
A has study B studies C study D studied
答案:1 B 2D 3C 4B 5B 6B