牛津实用英语语法 196 过去完成时在间接引语中的用法
分类: 英语学习方法
A 引导动词如果是一般过去时,直接引语中的现在完成时在间接引语中要变成过去完成时:
He said,‘I’ve been in England for ten years.’
他说:“我已经在英国住了十年了。”相当于:
He said that he had been in England for ten years.
他说他在英国已经住了十年。
He said,‘When you’ve worked for a year you’ll get a rise.’
他说:“你工作一年之后,会加工资。”相当于:
He said that when I’d worked for a year I’d get a rise.
他说我工作一年之后会加工资。
She said,‘I’ll lend you the book as soon as I have read it myself.’
她说:“我一看完这本书就借给你。”相当于:
She said she’d lend me the book as soon as she’d read it herself.
她说她一看完那本书就借给我。
B 直接引语中的一般过去时通常也作同样的变化:
He said,‘I knew her well.’
他说:“我过去很了解她。”相当于:
He said that he had known her well.
他说他过去很了解她。
但在许多情况下一般过去时保持不变。(参见第309节至第310节。)(关于条件句中if后的过去完成时,参见第223节;wish和only之后的过去完成时,参见第300节;关于as if和 asthough之后的过去完成时,参见第292节。)