牛津实用英语语法 237 should的其他用法
A 当说话人对某种设想是否合理或正当提出疑问时,可把
should用于 can’ t think why/don’t know why/see no reason why:等后面:
I don’t know why you should think that I did it.
我真不知道你凭什么竟会认为这件事是我干的。
I see no reason why you should interfere in their quarrel.
我不明白你有什么理由竟然会介入他们的争吵。
当这种设想与过去的事情有关时则用完成式:
I can’t think why he should have said that it was my fault.
我真不明白他怎么能说这是我的过错。
B 作为一种惯用表达法,should与 what,where,who连用以形象生动地表达惊奇的感情:
What should I find but an enormous spider!
怎么也想不到我看见的竟是一只巨大的蜘蛛!
这种惊奇经常掺杂着令人为难的因素:
Who should come in but his first wife!
怎么也想不到进来的竟是他的前妻!
C should用在 lest后面,有时也用在 in case后面:
1 在书面语中,lest…should结构有时放在表示惧怕或担心的词后面:
He was terrified lest he should slip on the icy rocks.
他害怕在结冰的石块上滑倒。
对过去的动作表示担心时用should+完成式:
She began to be worried lest he should have met with some accident.
她开始担心他出了什么事。
2 lest也可用于目的从句,表示 for fear that(惟恐):
He dared not spend the money lest someone should ask where he had got it.
他不敢花这笔钱,怕有人问他钱是从哪儿来的。
如上所示这是一种书面形式。
在这种情况下 in case较 lest更常用,后面可跟 should或一般现在时或一般过去时:
in case someone should ask/someone asked
惟恐万一有人问起(另参见第227节与第337节。)
D should 有时用于目的从句以代替 would/could:
He wore a mask so that no one should recognize him.
他戴了一个面罩,好让别人认不出他来。(参见第336节。)
E 在条件句中用should代替现在时态:
If the pain should return take another of these pills.
疼痛复发时,可再吃一片这些药。(参见第224节。)
F should 还用于颇为正式的间接命令,这种命令不一定是向对方直接发出的:
He ordered that Tom should leave the house.
他下命令叫汤姆离开这所房子。(参见第321节B。)
与下面一句比较一下:
He ordered Tom to leave.
他命令汤姆离开。(他亲自告诉汤姆。)