英语巴士网

牛津实用英语语法 296 would like和 want

分类: 英语学习方法 

A 在下列情况下,这两个词可以互换使用:

1 用于请求或有关请求的问句中(但这里不使用 would not like,参见下面B1):

Customer:I’d like some raspberries,please./I want some raspberries,please.

顾客:请给我拿点儿木莓。

Greengrocer:I’m afraid I haven’t any.Would you like somestrawberries?

蔬菜水果商:对不起,我没有木莓了。您来点草莓怎么样?

Customer:No,I don’t want any strawberries,thanks.

顾客:不,谢谢,我不想要草莓。(这里不能用 wouldn’t like。)

I would like常常要比 I want更有礼貌。

would you like?要比do you want?更有礼貌,也更殷勤。

would you like?可以含有愿意满足别人的希望的意思。do youwant?则不含有这种意思。因此,与顾客或客人打交道时,通常用 would you like?:

Caller:I’d like to/I want to speak to Mr X,please.

打电话者:我想找X先生说话。

Telephonist:Mr X is out.Would you like to speak to Mr Y?

话务员:X先生出去了。您跟Y先生说行吗?

2 如果不是提出请求而只是谈到愿望时,可以随意用would like或want的肯定式、疑问式或否定式。它们的意思没有区别,然而,I want要比I would like显得更自信。 I want通常不用于表示不可实现的愿望:

I would like to live on Mars.

但愿我能住到火星上去。

B would like和want在下列用法中不能互换:

1 表示邀请时用 would you like?结构,而不能用do you want?结构:

Would you like a cup of coffee?

您想喝一杯咖啡吗?

Would you like to come to the theatre?

您想来剧院看戏吗?

do you want?用于此处只表示一种询问,不含有邀请的意思。

2 wouldn’t like和 don’t want是有区别的。

don’t want表示没有某种愿望;wouldn’t like表示不喜欢。因此,wouldn’t like不能用来回答邀请或提议,因为在这种回答中 wouldn’t like的口气将是不礼貌的。在这里常用 don’twant或其他形式来代替 wouldn’t like:

—Would you like some more coffee?

—No,I don’t want any more,thanks./No,thanks.

—您再来点儿咖啡吗?

—不,不要了,谢谢。

C 在过去时中这两种形式的变化不同。在间接引语中want变为 wanted,而would like不起变化:

Tom said,‘I would like/want to see it.’

汤姆说:“我想看看它”。相当于:

Tom said he would like/wanted to see it.

汤姆说他想看看它。

但如果不用间接引语的结构来表示,只能说: Tom wanted tosee it(这里我们不能用would like因为Tom would like to seeit的意思是指现在或将来)。

D would like有两个过去形式:would like+ 不定式的完成式或would like+ 不定式/名词/代词。这些形式只能表示未能实现的愿望:

I’d like to have gone skiing./I’d have liked a day’s skiing.

我本想去滑雪的。(但我未能实现我的愿望。)

猜你喜欢

推荐栏目