初中英语语法知识考查要点(3)
分类: 英语学习方法
5. 动词
?(1) 动词的时态:
?① 一般现在时
?一般现在时的主要用法有两点:其一表示一经常发生的动作,如: I always go to scho
ol at seven. 其二表示某一真理,事实,如: The earth moves around the sun.
?② 现在完成时
?现在完成时的主要用法有两点:其一表示某一动作发生于过去,并持续下来,到现在完成
。如: I have studied English for two years. 其二表示某动作发生于过去并已结束,但其影响到现在。如: I haven’t had my lunch. I’m hungry now.
?与现在完成时连用的词语有:yet, already, before, since, ever, never等。
?其考查要点:
?其一: Have been表示曾经去过,如:I have been to America twice. 说此话的人应
已经回到国内。而He has gone to Japan.则此人目前已到日本去了。
?其二: 截止性动词可以有现在完成时,但不可与表示一段长度的词连用,如: The clas
s has begun. The class has been on for five minutes.
?③ 一般过去时
?表示过去发生的动作,过去的习惯或反复发生的动作。如: Who broke the window? In those days, I studied hard at night every day. 与过去时连用的时间状语有: at that time, ago, in 1949, just now (刚才), last night, yesterday
?④ 一般将来时
?纯将来时的表示法: shall/will+动词原形
?例: I’ll leave for Shanghai this evening.
?表示按计划要做或可能做的事: be going to+动词原形
?例: I’m going to help you tonight.
?将来时的特殊表示法
?a. be+coming/leaving/going/starting/arriving
?例: Don’t worry. I’m coming.
?b. be about to+动词原形
?例: He is about to leave, when the telephone rings.
?c. 状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来
?例: If it rains tomorrow I won’t go to the party.
?(2) 情态动词:
?can: 能,会
?例: He can do it very well.
?may: 许可,可能性
?例: May I use your pen?
?must: 必要,禁止(多表示主观看法)
?例: You mustn’t play with fire.
?have to: 不得不(多表示客观之事)
?例: I have to go, because I have a meeting.
?could与would:二者用于现在时表示语气的委婉
?例: Could you help me?
?(1) 动词的时态:
?① 一般现在时
?一般现在时的主要用法有两点:其一表示一经常发生的动作,如: I always go to scho
ol at seven. 其二表示某一真理,事实,如: The earth moves around the sun.
?② 现在完成时
?现在完成时的主要用法有两点:其一表示某一动作发生于过去,并持续下来,到现在完成
。如: I have studied English for two years. 其二表示某动作发生于过去并已结束,但其影响到现在。如: I haven’t had my lunch. I’m hungry now.
?与现在完成时连用的词语有:yet, already, before, since, ever, never等。
?其考查要点:
?其一: Have been表示曾经去过,如:I have been to America twice. 说此话的人应
已经回到国内。而He has gone to Japan.则此人目前已到日本去了。
?其二: 截止性动词可以有现在完成时,但不可与表示一段长度的词连用,如: The clas
s has begun. The class has been on for five minutes.
?③ 一般过去时
?表示过去发生的动作,过去的习惯或反复发生的动作。如: Who broke the window? In those days, I studied hard at night every day. 与过去时连用的时间状语有: at that time, ago, in 1949, just now (刚才), last night, yesterday
?④ 一般将来时
?纯将来时的表示法: shall/will+动词原形
?例: I’ll leave for Shanghai this evening.
?表示按计划要做或可能做的事: be going to+动词原形
?例: I’m going to help you tonight.
?将来时的特殊表示法
?a. be+coming/leaving/going/starting/arriving
?例: Don’t worry. I’m coming.
?b. be about to+动词原形
?例: He is about to leave, when the telephone rings.
?c. 状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来
?例: If it rains tomorrow I won’t go to the party.
?(2) 情态动词:
?can: 能,会
?例: He can do it very well.
?may: 许可,可能性
?例: May I use your pen?
?must: 必要,禁止(多表示主观看法)
?例: You mustn’t play with fire.
?have to: 不得不(多表示客观之事)
?例: I have to go, because I have a meeting.
?could与would:二者用于现在时表示语气的委婉
?例: Could you help me?