一般现在时与现在进行时使用频繁，应理解如下两点。


一、准确理解两种时态的主要含义：


Ａ、一般现在时

１、表示事物的本质特性或客观存在，没有时限性。
The table ____ soft。 (feels ) 表特性特征。
Japan ___ to the east of China。　 (lies ) 表客观事实

２、现阶段经常性、习惯性的行为，可带频率时间。
The shop closes at 7:30 p.m.
Father doesn’t smoke. (习惯　)

３、表说话时的状态，感觉或结果，一般用状态动词，如It doesn’t matter.
Does it hurt? (感觉结果)

４、特殊用法： 

－在条件、时间、让步从句中用现在时代替将来。
－If you go there, I’ll help you.

—用在begin ,come ,go ,leave ,return ,open ,close 等短暂位移动词表规定计划。
The plane takes off at 11:30. （不受主观支配的计划）

－在剧本、解说、标题或there (here)开头的句中表进行
There goes the bell/Here comes Mr.Wang.
I declare the meeting opens.(正在宣布)
He meets the ball and hits back to No.2 (正在发生)


B.现在进行时

1.说话时正在发生，进行的动作
Look! Dark clouds are gathering . (正在发生)

2.表现阶段正在进行，但此刻不一定正在进行的事。
He usually gets up at 6:00 , but this week he is getting up at 7:00. (现阶段正在进行，但说话时不一定在起床)

３、现在进行时的特殊意义

－表示主观打算常用于 go , come , leave , start , begin 等，位移、趋向动词。
How long are you staying here ? (准备停留)

－表示眼前刚过去的语意即“话音刚落”，适用于tell , say , talk , discuss ….
You don’t believe it ? You know I’m telling the truth.

－表示安慰、关心、喜欢、讨厌……感情色彩。
He is always making noises in class. (讨厌)

－在条件、时间、让步状语从句中表示将来正在进行。
Don’t bother him if he is reading this time tomorrow.


二、严格区分进行时与一般时的语义。

a) 持续动词的一般时表持续情况，经常性，习惯性行为或客观存在的事实，进行时表暂时性或有限时刻的持续。
He lives in Beijing.(生活在北京－习惯性)
He is living in Beijing.（目前住在北京暂时性）

b) 短暂动词的一般时叙述事实，特征，能力而短暂动作进行时描述反复发生，即将发生或刚开始行为。
He jumps high. (特征)
He is jumping very high. (反复)

c) 短暂动词和静态动词一般时表示实际情况客观状态、结果、特征、特性，进行时表未完成含开始或渐进之意。
The bus stops. (车停了－事实)
The bus is stopping. (渐渐停下来)
I love the job. (静态事实)
I am loving the job. ( 渐渐爱上了)

d) come ,go ,leave ,start ,return ,move ,reach ,sail ,fall 等一般时态表客观规定计划，进行时表主观打算推测。
Flight 254 leaves at 5:30. (表主观打算)
The plane is taking off an hour later.(主观判断)

e) 现在进行时带always ,often ,usually ,sometimes ,等频率副词表感情色彩，一般现在时则没有此用法。


［示例］

考题１I don’t really work here! I ­­­­___ until the new secretary arrives.(94)
A. just help out B. Have just helped out C.am just helping out D. Will just help out
分析依题意“我不能在此工作”，说明help out这一行为只是眼前暂时发生的事，选Ｃ。

考题２It seldom ___ her but it ____ heavily.
A. snows/snows B.snows /snowing C. Is snowing /I ssnowing D. Is snowing /snows
分析　seldom 表频率叙述经常性事实用一般现在时，but 转折描述眼前暂时情况，用现在进行时，故选Ｂ。


［训练］

1． Water ____ at 100c and at this time the glass filled with it _____.
A.boiled/breaks B. Boils/will break 
C. is boiling /is to break D. will boil/breaks

2. What is wrong with the cat? It ___work whose engine ___any how.
A. won’t /won’t start B. Doesn’t /won’t start
C. doesn’t /won’t be started D. won’t / is starting

3.---Does Tom live here? 
　--- Yes , but he ___ here now.
A. doesn’t live B. Hadn’t lived C. Isn’t living D. will live

4.____ hard ? Why don’t they stop working?
A. isn’t it raining B. Hasn’t it rained 
C. Won’t it rain D. wasn’t it raining

5.---I ___ the failure was your fault.
　---Yes, I see ,you only want to learn the details.
A. didn’t think B. Was not explaining 
C. Am not suggesting D. haven’t expected

6.Don’t speak loud., father_____.
A. will sleep B. Is sleeping C. Has slept D. sleeps