一、疑点难点破解

1. Have you turned off your radio？你关掉收音机了吗？

疑点：turn off表示“切断、关上”之意，用于指切断电源、关上水管等。它的反义词是turn on。当关掉的东西是代词时，把代词放在中间。

如：His mother told him to turn off TV and do his homework.他母亲叫他关掉电视去做作业。

The tap is broken.If you want to save water，you must turn it off.

难点：与此相关的短语还有turn up“开大声”，turn down“关小点声”。用法同turn off/on.

如：It is too noisy. Please turn your radio down.

I can’t hear clearly. Would you please turn the tape up？

2.In the past twelve months they’ve had three major concerts and made a hit CD.在过去的12个月里他们举行了3次大型

演唱会，出了一盘火暴的CD。

疑点：for/in the past/last twelve months/years/days/etc.常与现在完成时态连用。

如：(1)For the past few days he has been ill.几天来他一直生病。

(2)She has been ill for the last three days.这三个星期他在生病。

(3)In the past three years we have learned two thousand English words.

3年来我们学了2000个英语单词。

难点：用于肯定句时，和以上短语连用的动词必须是延续性动作。

如：He has had(而不是bought)the book for three years.他已经买这本书三年了。

You have kept(不用borrow) the book for two weeks.你已经借这本书两个星期了。

3. This program started in 1980 and so far has brought thousands of overseas Chinese students to China to look for their families’roots.这个项目是1980年开始的，到目前为止已经帮助了几千名海外中国学生来中国寻根。

疑点：so far意为“到目前为止”，相当于till now/up to now，可用于句首或句末，用作状语，表示范围、程度或距离，通常作为现在完成时的时间状语出现。

如：I have read many foreign stories so far.

难点：so far as 意为“就…而论”、“到…程度”，表示程度、距离等。

如：So far as I know，he has been to Beijing many times.据我所知，他已去过北京许多次了。

4. I agree with you. 我同意你的看法。

疑点：agree with sb./sb.’s idea/ sb.’s view同意某人，同意某人的观点、想法、主意。

如：My mother doesn’t agree with my father and me.我妈妈不同意我和爸爸的想法。

难点：agree还有许多的用法

(1)用于简短回答中“同意”或“赞成”。如：Chocolate is good for your health. Do you agree？

Yes，I agree./No，I don’t agree.

(2)agree to do sth同意去做某事。如：I agree to ask someone for help.我同意向别人求助。

(3)agree to sth赞成某个建议、安排等。如：He agreed to your suggestion.他赞成你的建议。

(4)agree on sth. 在……方面达成一致。如：We agree on a price for the car.我们就车价达成一致意见。

(5)agree that+从句。如：Tom’s mother agree that he went on with his study.

5.You have probably never heard of Amy Winterbourne.你大概从未听说过Amy Winterbourne.

疑点：hear of/about听说，接名词、代词或动名词。如：I have never heard of the story before.

难点：1)hear表示听说时，后面接宾语从句。

如：I heard that his father died yesterday.

2)hear from=get/receive a letter from意为“收到…的信”，“得到…的消息”from后面加表示人的名词或代词

如：How often do you hear from your father？你每隔多久收到你父亲的来信？

6. The walls are made from old glass bottles that are glued together.墙是由胶合在一起的旧玻璃瓶做成的。

疑点：be made from 意思是“由… 制成”，但制成品不能看出原材料。

如：Paper is made from wood.纸是由木头制成的。

难点：be made还可以构成其他词组，注意区分。

(1)be made of意为“由…原材料制成”，主语为制成品，而且能看出原材料，of后面接表示原材料的名词。如：This jacket is made of cotton.这件上衣是棉花做的。

(2)be made in表示某一产品在某地生产或制造，in后面跟表示地点的名词。

如：Trains are made in Zhuzhou.火车是株洲制造的。

(3)be made by意为“由(谁)制造的”，by后面接动作的执行者。如：The desk was made by his brother.这张桌子是他弟弟做的。
二、重点讲解

1. Have you packed yet？你打包了吗？

(1)这是一个现在完成时的句型，它是在两个时间上，一是过去，一是现在。它的动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响或结果，而这种影响和结果是说话人的兴趣所在，所以常常后面不用时间状语。Have/has+动词的过去分词，是它的基本结构。

如：Someone has broken the door.有人把门打破了。(结果，门仍破着)

(2)pack包装，把……装箱pack sth(up)into…整理行装

如：Pack clothes into a truck.把衣服装进衣箱内。

pack into塞进，挤进。如：The children packed into the cinemas on a wet day.在雨天，孩子们挤进电影院。

2. I have not cleaned out the refrigerator yet.我还没把

冰箱清除干净。

clean sth out打扫某物之内部，扫除某物的尘土等。如：It is time for you to clean your bedroom.现在该你打扫你的卧室的时候了。

clean sth up清除罪犯和不道德分子，整顿(某物)。

如：The mayor has decided to clean up the city.市长已决定要整顿市政。

clean sth down清扫，擦干净。如：Clean down the walls.把墙上的尘土扫下。

3. I have not done any of these things yet because my grandfather came to chat to me.那些事情我一样也还没做，因为我祖父来和我聊天。

(1)because连词，因为。如：I did it because they asked me to do it.我做这事是因为他们要我做。

(2)because所表达的原因是不知道的，如要表达明显的理由，或被认为是知道的，就用as，for，或so。如：As it is raining，you had better take a taxi.=It is raining，so you had better take a taxi.既然下雨，你最好坐

出租车来。

(3)because of 后面加名词或名词短语。

如：Because of his bad legs，he could not walk so fast as the others.因为他的腿有毛病，他不能和别人一样走得快。

4.Be sure not to miss them if they come to a city near you-if you can get tickets.如果他们到了一个离你近的城市，务必不要错过，如果你能得到票的话。

be sure to do务必，一定要。如：Be sure to tell me when you arrive home.到家后务必要告诉我一声。

★注意动词不定式to do的否定形式，要直接在to do前加not。如：Be sure not to wake up the sleeping boy.一定不要吵醒在睡觉的孩子。

5. I feel like I have done something that wasn’t important to me before.我想我做了些原先对我并不重要的一些事情。

feel like+ doing sth.想要，欲要。如：I don’t feel like eating a big meal now.我现在不想吃大餐。

6. They provide homes for many endangered animals，and help to educate the public about caring for them.我们为濒危动物们提供住所，并教育公众照顾他们。

provide sth for sb /provide sb with sth把某物提供给某人。如：These letters should provide us with all the information we need.这些信应该为我们提供所需的全部信息。
三、语法展示

(一)特殊副词的用法

现在完成时态我们在前面的一、二个单元中已讲述过，所以本单元只讲现在完成时态与几个副词的关系。

1. ever， never

ever“曾经”，表示从过去到目前为止的时间，用于现在完成时态的疑问和含有最高级的从句中，否定句中常用never代替ever，在反意疑问句中，附加问句用肯定。

如：(1)Have you ever been to Hefei？你曾去过合肥吗？

(2)This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.这是我曾看过的电影中最有趣的一部。

(3)He has never been to the Great Wall，has he？他从未去过

长城，是吗？

2. still，just

still“仍然，还”，强调过去开始的情况或动作仍在继续，指时间，强调延续；just“刚刚，刚才”，多与现在完成时连用。注意要与just now区别开，just now指过去的时间，常与过去时连用。

如：(1)Has your sister still lived here？你妹妹仍然住在这儿吗？

(2)I have just finished lunch.我刚吃过中饭。

(3)I saw her mother just now.我刚才看见了她母亲。

3. before，ago

两者都可作副词用，before表示过去时间的以前，可独立使用，泛指“以前”，可用于现在完成时态或一般过去时态。ago不能独立使用，要置于时间段的词组之后，只能用于过去时态，表示从现在算起以前的时间。但可以用在情态动词加完成时态结构中，表示现在对过去发生的事情的推测。此外与since连用，构成since…ago用于现在完成时态。

如：(1)She has seen the film before. 她以前看过这部电影。

(2)Mary saw Jim a week ago.玛丽一周前见过吉姆。

(3)A lot of new things have happened since ten years ago.自十年前以来发生了很多新鲜事。

4. since，for

since：“自从”，表示的是一个时间点，可用作介词，也可作连词。用作介词时，后接指时间点的名词或短语；用作连词时，后跟一个时间状语从句，但其前的谓语动词或主句的谓语动词须用现在完成时。for构成的短语在现在完成时里，表示时间的长度，后须跟“一段时间”，不可跟“时间点”。

如：(1)He has worked at that factory since he came to the city.他到这城市以来一直在这家工厂工作。

(2)I have studied English for three years. 我学习英语已有三年了。

(二)have been to 与have gone to 的区别

(1)have been to表示“已经去过某地”，现在已经不在所去的地方了

如：He has been to America twice.他已经去过美国两次了。

(2)have gone to表示“去了某地”，并未回来，最起码不在当地。

He is not here. He has gone to America.他不在这里，他去美国了。