医学词汇【解剖学方面】
分类: 英语词汇
1 颅脑
大脑 cerebrum 大脑纵裂 longitudinal cerebral fissure 大脑皮质 cerebral cortex 大脑镰 falx cerebri 大脑导水管，中脑水管 cerebral aqueduct 中脑 midbrain, mesencephalon 小脑 cerebellum 小脑幕 tentorium cerebelli 丘脑，视丘 thalmus 延髓 medulla oblongata 侧脑室 lateral ventricle 第三脑室 third ventricle 第四脑室 fourth ventricle 第五脑室 fifth ventricle 脑桥 ，桥脑 pons 脑干 brain stem 间脑 diencephalon 中间块 intermidiate mass 尾状核 caudate nucleus 脉络丛 choroid plexus 胼胝体 corpus callosum 脑岛，岛叶 insula 大脑脚 cerebral peduncles 大脑外侧沟（窝、裂） lateral sulcus , sylvius fissure 穹窿 fornix 透明隔 septum pellucidum 透明隔腔 cavity of septum pellucidum 额叶 frontal lobe 顶叶 parietal lobe 枕叶 occipital lobe 颞叶 temporale lobe 缘叶 limbic lobe 大脑动脉环 Willi's artery circle 大脑前动脉 anterior cerebral artery 大脑中动脉 middle cerebral artery 大脑后动脉 posterior cerebral artery基底动脉 basilar artery 前交通支（动脉） anterior communicating branch 后交通支（动脉） posterior communicating branch 颅前窝，凹 anterior cranial fossa 颅中窝，凹 middle cranial fossa 颅后窝，凹 posterior cranial fossa
2 眼、面颈、涎腺、乳腺、胸肺
眼球 optic bulb ,eyeball 角膜 cornea 前房 anterior chamber 虹膜 iris 睫状体 ciliary body 视网膜 retina 脉络膜 choroid 巩膜 sclera 房水 aqueous humour 玻璃体 vitreous 玻璃体膜 hyaloid membrae 晶状体 lens （眼）直肌 recti muscles 视神经 optic nerve 眶上动脉 supraorbital artery 眼动脉 ophthalmic artery 视网膜中央动脉 central retinal artery 睫状后长（短）动脉posterior long (short) ciliary artery 泪腺动脉 lacrimal gland artery 滑车上动脉 supratrochlear artery 眼静脉 ophthalmic vein 眶上静脉 suprorbital vein 滑车上静脉 supratrochlear vein 视网膜中央静脉 central retinal vein 涡状静脉 vorticose veins 眼眶 orbit 结膜 conjunctiva 唾液腺、涎腺 salivary gland 腮腺 parotid (gland) 颌下腺 submaxillary gland 舌下腺 sublingual gland 甲状腺 thyroid (gland ) 甲状旁腺 parathyroid (gland ) 上颌窦 maxillary sinus 气管 trachea 食管 esophagus 乳腺 breast, mammary gland 额 front 枕 occiput 颞 temples
颊 cheek 胸廓、胸腔 thorax, thorax cavity 肋骨 ribs, costae 肋软骨costal cartilages 胸骨 sternum 乳腺组织 breast tissue 悬韧带suspensory ligament, Copper's ligament 乳腺后组织 retromammary tissue 横膈 diaphragm 颈总动脉 common carotid artery 颈外动脉 external carotid artery 颈内动脉 internal carotid artery 椎动脉 vertebral artery 无名动脉 innominate artery 颈内静脉 internal jugular vein 甲状腺上动脉 superior thyroid artery 乳房内动脉 internal mammary artery
3 腹部血管、周围血管
腹主动脉 abdominal aorta 腹腔动脉 celiac artery 肠系膜上动脉 superior mesenteric artery 肠系膜下动脉 inferior mesenteric artery 肝总动脉 common hepatic artery 肝动脉 hepatic artery 胃左动脉 left gastric artery 胃十二指肠动脉 gastroduodenal artery 脾动脉 splenic artery 肾动脉 renal artery 卵巢动脉 ovarian artery 髂总动脉 common iliac artery 髂内动脉 internal iliac artery 髂外动脉 external iliac artery 锁骨下动脉 subclavian artery 椎动脉 vertebral artery 乳房内动脉 internal mammary artery 颈内静脉 internal jugular vein 颈外静脉 external jugular vein 腋静脉 axillary vein 奇静脉 azygos vein 大隐静脉 great saphenous vein 下腔静脉 inferior vena cava 门静脉 portal vein 肠系膜上静脉 superior mesenteric vein 肝静脉 hepatic vein 肾静脉 renal vein 腰静脉 lumbar vein 精索静脉 spermatic vein 肾弓形动脉 renal arcuate arteries 股动脉 femoral artery 肱动脉 humeral artery 桡动脉 radial artery尺动脉ulnar artery 面动脉 facial artery 锁骨下动脉 subclavian artery 颈浅动脉 superficial cervical artery 颞浅动脉 superficial temporal artery
4 肝、胆、胰、脾、泌尿男生殖
肝左叶left liver lobe(LL) 肝右叶right liver lobe(RL) 尾状叶 caudate lobe(CL) 方叶 quadrate lobe(QL) 附垂叶Riedel's lobe 胆囊gallbladder(GB) 胆囊管 cystic duct(CD) 肝管 hepatic duct(HD) 胆总管common bile duct (CBD) 肝门 porta hepatis 胆囊窝 gallbladder forssa 肝圆韧带 hepatoumbilical ligament, round ligament 肝镰状韧带 falciform ligament 肝静脉韧带 venose ligament 胆管、胆道 bile duct(BD) 螺旋状瓣 spiral valve 肝总管 common hepatic duct 肝外胆管 extrahepatic duct 乏特壶腹 Vater's ampulla 胰腺 pancreas 胰管 pancreatic duct , Wirsung's duct 副胰管 Santorini duct 胰头 head of pancreas 胰颈 neck of pancreas 胰体 body of pancreas 胰尾 tail of pancreas 钩突 uncinate process 脾 spleen 脾门 splenic hilum 肾周脂肪 perinephrit fat 集合系统 collective system 肾 kedney 肾盂 renal calyes 锥体 pyramids 肾柱 renal colums 肾上腺 adrenal gland 输尿管 ureters, ureteral , uretero 膀胱 urinary bladder , bladder 尿道 urethra 睾丸 testis 附睾 epididymis 鞘膜 tunica vagialis, vagina tunic 白膜 tunica albuginea , albuginea 输精管 ductus deferens, deferent duct 精囊 vesiculae seminals, seminal vesicle 射精管 ejaculatory ducts 阴囊 scrotum, scrotal sac 精索 spermatic cord 腹股沟 inguen 前列腺 prostate
5 妇产科
子宫 uterus 输卵管 uterine tube, oviduct 卵巢 ovary, ovaries 子宫颈 cervix 子宫腔 uterine canal 子宫内膜 endometriosis 子宫直肠陷凹 rectouterine fossa 子宫内口 internal ostium of the uterus 子宫口 orifice of the uterus 阴道 vagina 胚胎 embryo 卵黄囊 yolk sac 羊膜 amnion 羊膜腔 amniotic cavity 蜕膜 decidua 绒毛 villus 绒毛膜 chorion 胎盘 placenta 胎儿 fetus 胎心 fetal heart胎动fetal movement, feta motion 胎儿脊柱 fetal spine 胎儿胃泡 fetal stomach bubble 胎儿胸部fetal thorax 胎儿肾 fetal kidney 胎儿肢体 fetal limb 脐带 umbilical cord 卵泡，滤泡 follicle 附件 adnexa 羊水 amniotic fluid 宫内节育器 intrauterine device 妊娠囊 gestational sac 顶臀长度 crown-rump length 双顶径 biparietal diameter 胎头指数 cephalic index 枕额径 occipito-frontal diameter 头围 head circumference 胸围 thoracic circumference 腹围 abdominal circumference 小脑径 cerebellum diameter 头（径）指数 cephalic index 双眼间距 ocular distance 腹部横径 transverse trunk diameter 腹部前后径 anteroposterior trunk diameter 椎骨长度（胸6～腰3）length of vertebrae 脊柱 spine, vertebral colum 股骨长度 femur length 肱骨长度 humerus length 胎儿体重 fetal weight 脐动脉 umbilical artery 脐静脉 umbilical vein 胎盘 placenta 孕周 gestational week 孕龄 gestational age
大脑 cerebrum 大脑纵裂 longitudinal cerebral fissure 大脑皮质 cerebral cortex 大脑镰 falx cerebri 大脑导水管，中脑水管 cerebral aqueduct 中脑 midbrain, mesencephalon 小脑 cerebellum 小脑幕 tentorium cerebelli 丘脑，视丘 thalmus 延髓 medulla oblongata 侧脑室 lateral ventricle 第三脑室 third ventricle 第四脑室 fourth ventricle 第五脑室 fifth ventricle 脑桥 ，桥脑 pons 脑干 brain stem 间脑 diencephalon 中间块 intermidiate mass 尾状核 caudate nucleus 脉络丛 choroid plexus 胼胝体 corpus callosum 脑岛，岛叶 insula 大脑脚 cerebral peduncles 大脑外侧沟（窝、裂） lateral sulcus , sylvius fissure 穹窿 fornix 透明隔 septum pellucidum 透明隔腔 cavity of septum pellucidum 额叶 frontal lobe 顶叶 parietal lobe 枕叶 occipital lobe 颞叶 temporale lobe 缘叶 limbic lobe 大脑动脉环 Willi's artery circle 大脑前动脉 anterior cerebral artery 大脑中动脉 middle cerebral artery 大脑后动脉 posterior cerebral artery基底动脉 basilar artery 前交通支（动脉） anterior communicating branch 后交通支（动脉） posterior communicating branch 颅前窝，凹 anterior cranial fossa 颅中窝，凹 middle cranial fossa 颅后窝，凹 posterior cranial fossa
2 眼、面颈、涎腺、乳腺、胸肺
眼球 optic bulb ,eyeball 角膜 cornea 前房 anterior chamber 虹膜 iris 睫状体 ciliary body 视网膜 retina 脉络膜 choroid 巩膜 sclera 房水 aqueous humour 玻璃体 vitreous 玻璃体膜 hyaloid membrae 晶状体 lens （眼）直肌 recti muscles 视神经 optic nerve 眶上动脉 supraorbital artery 眼动脉 ophthalmic artery 视网膜中央动脉 central retinal artery 睫状后长（短）动脉posterior long (short) ciliary artery 泪腺动脉 lacrimal gland artery 滑车上动脉 supratrochlear artery 眼静脉 ophthalmic vein 眶上静脉 suprorbital vein 滑车上静脉 supratrochlear vein 视网膜中央静脉 central retinal vein 涡状静脉 vorticose veins 眼眶 orbit 结膜 conjunctiva 唾液腺、涎腺 salivary gland 腮腺 parotid (gland) 颌下腺 submaxillary gland 舌下腺 sublingual gland 甲状腺 thyroid (gland ) 甲状旁腺 parathyroid (gland ) 上颌窦 maxillary sinus 气管 trachea 食管 esophagus 乳腺 breast, mammary gland 额 front 枕 occiput 颞 temples
颊 cheek 胸廓、胸腔 thorax, thorax cavity 肋骨 ribs, costae 肋软骨costal cartilages 胸骨 sternum 乳腺组织 breast tissue 悬韧带suspensory ligament, Copper's ligament 乳腺后组织 retromammary tissue 横膈 diaphragm 颈总动脉 common carotid artery 颈外动脉 external carotid artery 颈内动脉 internal carotid artery 椎动脉 vertebral artery 无名动脉 innominate artery 颈内静脉 internal jugular vein 甲状腺上动脉 superior thyroid artery 乳房内动脉 internal mammary artery
3 腹部血管、周围血管
腹主动脉 abdominal aorta 腹腔动脉 celiac artery 肠系膜上动脉 superior mesenteric artery 肠系膜下动脉 inferior mesenteric artery 肝总动脉 common hepatic artery 肝动脉 hepatic artery 胃左动脉 left gastric artery 胃十二指肠动脉 gastroduodenal artery 脾动脉 splenic artery 肾动脉 renal artery 卵巢动脉 ovarian artery 髂总动脉 common iliac artery 髂内动脉 internal iliac artery 髂外动脉 external iliac artery 锁骨下动脉 subclavian artery 椎动脉 vertebral artery 乳房内动脉 internal mammary artery 颈内静脉 internal jugular vein 颈外静脉 external jugular vein 腋静脉 axillary vein 奇静脉 azygos vein 大隐静脉 great saphenous vein 下腔静脉 inferior vena cava 门静脉 portal vein 肠系膜上静脉 superior mesenteric vein 肝静脉 hepatic vein 肾静脉 renal vein 腰静脉 lumbar vein 精索静脉 spermatic vein 肾弓形动脉 renal arcuate arteries 股动脉 femoral artery 肱动脉 humeral artery 桡动脉 radial artery尺动脉ulnar artery 面动脉 facial artery 锁骨下动脉 subclavian artery 颈浅动脉 superficial cervical artery 颞浅动脉 superficial temporal artery
4 肝、胆、胰、脾、泌尿男生殖
肝左叶left liver lobe(LL) 肝右叶right liver lobe(RL) 尾状叶 caudate lobe(CL) 方叶 quadrate lobe(QL) 附垂叶Riedel's lobe 胆囊gallbladder(GB) 胆囊管 cystic duct(CD) 肝管 hepatic duct(HD) 胆总管common bile duct (CBD) 肝门 porta hepatis 胆囊窝 gallbladder forssa 肝圆韧带 hepatoumbilical ligament, round ligament 肝镰状韧带 falciform ligament 肝静脉韧带 venose ligament 胆管、胆道 bile duct(BD) 螺旋状瓣 spiral valve 肝总管 common hepatic duct 肝外胆管 extrahepatic duct 乏特壶腹 Vater's ampulla 胰腺 pancreas 胰管 pancreatic duct , Wirsung's duct 副胰管 Santorini duct 胰头 head of pancreas 胰颈 neck of pancreas 胰体 body of pancreas 胰尾 tail of pancreas 钩突 uncinate process 脾 spleen 脾门 splenic hilum 肾周脂肪 perinephrit fat 集合系统 collective system 肾 kedney 肾盂 renal calyes 锥体 pyramids 肾柱 renal colums 肾上腺 adrenal gland 输尿管 ureters, ureteral , uretero 膀胱 urinary bladder , bladder 尿道 urethra 睾丸 testis 附睾 epididymis 鞘膜 tunica vagialis, vagina tunic 白膜 tunica albuginea , albuginea 输精管 ductus deferens, deferent duct 精囊 vesiculae seminals, seminal vesicle 射精管 ejaculatory ducts 阴囊 scrotum, scrotal sac 精索 spermatic cord 腹股沟 inguen 前列腺 prostate
5 妇产科
子宫 uterus 输卵管 uterine tube, oviduct 卵巢 ovary, ovaries 子宫颈 cervix 子宫腔 uterine canal 子宫内膜 endometriosis 子宫直肠陷凹 rectouterine fossa 子宫内口 internal ostium of the uterus 子宫口 orifice of the uterus 阴道 vagina 胚胎 embryo 卵黄囊 yolk sac 羊膜 amnion 羊膜腔 amniotic cavity 蜕膜 decidua 绒毛 villus 绒毛膜 chorion 胎盘 placenta 胎儿 fetus 胎心 fetal heart胎动fetal movement, feta motion 胎儿脊柱 fetal spine 胎儿胃泡 fetal stomach bubble 胎儿胸部fetal thorax 胎儿肾 fetal kidney 胎儿肢体 fetal limb 脐带 umbilical cord 卵泡，滤泡 follicle 附件 adnexa 羊水 amniotic fluid 宫内节育器 intrauterine device 妊娠囊 gestational sac 顶臀长度 crown-rump length 双顶径 biparietal diameter 胎头指数 cephalic index 枕额径 occipito-frontal diameter 头围 head circumference 胸围 thoracic circumference 腹围 abdominal circumference 小脑径 cerebellum diameter 头（径）指数 cephalic index 双眼间距 ocular distance 腹部横径 transverse trunk diameter 腹部前后径 anteroposterior trunk diameter 椎骨长度（胸6～腰3）length of vertebrae 脊柱 spine, vertebral colum 股骨长度 femur length 肱骨长度 humerus length 胎儿体重 fetal weight 脐动脉 umbilical artery 脐静脉 umbilical vein 胎盘 placenta 孕周 gestational week 孕龄 gestational age