英语巴士网

affirm, assert, allege, claim, declare

分类: 英语词汇 

首先,动词 “affirm” 表示 “证实,确认”,强调 “陈述某件事情属实” 或 “正式确认有意做某事”。听两个例句。

Examples

Chen Fan affirmed he would be leaving the company after a long successful career.

(陈凡证实,在漫长而成功的职业生涯后,他将离开公司。)

She affirmed her commitment to opening more restaurants.

(她确认了开设更多餐厅的承诺。)

下面,来看 “assert”。动词 “assert” 也是一个用来表达观点和意图的词,意思是 “肯定地说,主张,坚持”,突出了一个人的坚定和自信。如果你 “assert yourself”,意思就是 “坚持你自己的行为、主张或立场”。请听例句。

Examples

The school asserts that pupils mustn't bring smartphones into class.

(学校坚持学生们不能把智能手机带进课堂。)

My girlfriend continued to assert that she had not been smoking.

(我女朋友还是不承认她有抽烟。)

Charlotte would always assert herself in meetings.

(夏洛特在会议上总是坚持己见。)

The teacher had to assert himself over the rowdy class.

(老师不得不在吵闹的班级里建立自己的威信。)

下一个词是 “allege”,常用于法律场合,意思是 “未经证实地指责、指控、宣称”。

Examples

The prosecutor alleges that the finance director stole money from the company.

(检控官指控财务总监偷了这家公司的钱。)

It's alleged that the finance director stole money from the company.

(据称,财务总监偷了这家公司的钱。)

另一个动词是 “claim”,它的含义与刚刚讲到的 “allege” 很像,意思是 “声称,宣称”,但它与法律的关联并没有那么紧密。听三个例句。

Examples

Sean claims the Moon is made of cheese! But I think he's talking nonsense!

(肖恩声称月亮是奶酪做的!但我觉得他在胡说八道!)

The airline claims to have the best record for punctuality.

(这家航空公司声称它们的航班准时记录最好。)

He claimed to be the richest man in the world.

(他自称是世界上最富有的人。)

动词 “claim” 也可以表示 “认领,索取,索要”。请听例句。

Example

After winning the lottery, he claimed his prize of six million pounds.

(中了彩票之后,他领取了六百万英镑的奖金。)

最后,来看动词 “declare”。“Declare” 的意思是 “宣布,声明”,强调 “公开表明自己的意向”。

Examples

We've declared our support for the plans to build a new bridge.

(我们已宣布支持修建新桥梁的计划。)

After the heavy rain, the authorities have declared an emergency.

(大雨过后,当局宣布进入紧急状态。)

“Declare” 也有 “申报” 的意思,常用来表示 “正式报告应纳税的收入或货物的价值”。比如,海关的 “无申报” 通道上面就往往会写有 “nothing to declare” 这样的字眼。听两个用动词 “declare” 表示 “申报” 的例句。

Examples

Use this form to declare your income for this tax year.

(使用此表申报您本纳税年度的收入。)

Please go this way if you have nothing to declare.

(若没有需要报关的物品,请这边走。)

归纳一下:动词 “affirm、assert、allege、claim” 和 “declare” 都可以谈论 “陈述一件被认为是真实的事情”,而且都比较正式。其中,“affirm” 和 “assert” 强调坚定、自信地 “断言”; “allege” 表示 “宣称一件未经证实的事情”,它和 “claim” 的意思很相近,但后者与法律的关联并没有那么紧密;“claim” 也可以表示 “认领,索取”。最后,

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