中口翻译学习(五)
1.Translation of Idiomatic Phrases
1) 塞翁失马,焉知非福
如果直译的话,是这样的:
When the old man on the frontier lost his mare, who could have guessed it was a blessing in disguise?
很明显直译是在讲个故事,但是却无法体现成语要表达的因祸得福的意思。所以我们需要意译:
A loss may turn out to be gain.
黄鼠狼给鸡拜年,没安好心
同样如果直译:
the weasel goes to pay his respects to the hen without good heart
这句话前半句可以直译,但是“没安好心”应该意译成“没有好的意图”:
the weasel goes to pay his respects to the hen without good intentions
八仙过海,各显神通
直译:like the eight immortals crossing the sea
明显无法表达出神通,而且译成英文给外国人看的话,谁知道这个典故呢?
意译:Each one shows his or her talent/prowess/skills.
但是如果中西文化都能接受的情况下,能直译就直译。
以卵击石
throw an egg against a stone/rock(这里用against最形象)
杞人忧天
这里是一个中国典故,如果直译还要解释杞人是谁,为什么要忧天,所以我们选择意译:
groundless/unnecessary fear/anxiety(这里用短语表示)
班门弄斧
这个可以保留短语原本结构直译,但要翻得完整,意译也行:
直译:show off skills with the axe before Lu Ban,a master carpenter
意译:show off before experts/specialists 或用短语 teach fish to swim