学习定语从句时你抓住这四点细节了吗
俗话说,细节决定成败,在各种题型中定语从句都占很大一部分分值,一旦将定语从句讲清楚讲透,就能在很大程度上帮助学生提高句子的流畅性和完整性,并起到很大的润色作用。
1.当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who,whom, that,which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。
例如:This is the house in which we lived last year.
这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.
请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
2.含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。
例如:This is the person whom you are looking for.
这就是你要找的那个人。
3.关系词只能用that的情况:
①先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
He was the first person that passed the exam.
他是第一个通过考试的人。
当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用关系代词who。
②被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?
你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用关系代词who。
③先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost.
这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用关系代词who。例如:
Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting.
王华是我们学校唯一将会出席这个会议的人。
④先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that.例如:
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
⑤以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:
Who is the girl that is crying?
正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
⑥主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.例如:
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.
桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
4.关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况:
①先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如:
What’s that which is under the desk?
在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
②关系代词前有介词时,用which,而不用that.例如:
This is the room in which he lives.
这是他居住的房间。
③引导非限制性定语从句,用which, 而不用that.例如:
Tom came back, which made us happy.
汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。
以上是小编为大家介绍的定语从句中需要注意的四点细节,希望大家可以铭记这些细节,记住相应的语法规则,并且通过以后的练习来逐渐透彻掌握定语从句。