A typical racing sailboat has many parts such as the mast, boom, hull, keel and rudder. Mainly there are five types of racing sailboat. Respectively they are: 
帆船主要由船体、桅杆、稳向板或龙骨、舵、帆和索具组成，船体的主要制作材料为木材或玻璃钢。 从器材上，运动帆船可分为五大类： 

Keel Boat 龙骨船
As it's name implies, keelboat has a keel to help it go straight in the water. Keelboat is a large, heavy, stable, and multi-people controlled boat that is more suitable on long distance sailing. 
特点－船底有一块固定的稳向板和压铅，排水量大、构造复杂、价格昂贵，多人操纵，适于长距离竞赛和远海探险。

Centerboard Boat or Dinghy 稳向板船
It is a light, flexible, inexpensive boat with a small rudder behind. One of the most popular sailboat in Olympics.
特点－船底有一块可收放的稳向板。小巧、灵活、造价低、便于操纵、易于普及。奥运会项目中多数是这种船。

Multi-Hull 多体船
It is constructed by more than one hull. The boat is distinctive on its speed and excitement.
特点－由二个至三个船体组成，速度快。操作起来惊险刺激 

Tower boat 古帆船
A giant boat mostly being used for amusement proposes.
特点－型体大，仿古设计，多桅布局，装饰华丽，适于外展活动、娱乐性比赛和水手的海上操作训练。 

Windsurf 帆板
No rudder, no fin, easy to operate. 
特点－操帆者站在一块滑行板上航行，没有舵（Rudder），只有尾鳍（Fin）。